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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/*
* Copyright (C) 2024, Huawei Technologies Co, Ltd.
*
* Authors: Zhihao Cheng <chengzhihao1@huawei.com>
*/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include "linux_err.h"
#include "bitops.h"
#include "kmem.h"
#include "ubifs.h"
#include "defs.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "key.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "fsck.ubifs.h"
/**
* scanned_info - nodes and files information from scanning.
* @valid_inos: the tree of scanned inode nodes with 'nlink > 0'
* @del_inos: the tree of scanned inode nodes with 'nlink = 0'
* @valid_dents: the tree of scanned dentry nodes with 'inum > 0'
* @del_dents: the tree of scanned dentry nodes with 'inum = 0'
*/
struct scanned_info {
struct rb_root valid_inos;
struct rb_root del_inos;
struct rb_root valid_dents;
struct rb_root del_dents;
};
static int init_rebuild_info(struct ubifs_info *c)
{
int err;
c->sbuf = vmalloc(c->leb_size);
if (!c->sbuf) {
log_err(c, errno, "can not allocate sbuf");
return -ENOMEM;
}
FSCK(c)->rebuild = kzalloc(sizeof(struct ubifs_rebuild_info),
GFP_KERNEL);
if (!FSCK(c)->rebuild) {
err = -ENOMEM;
log_err(c, errno, "can not allocate rebuild info");
goto free_sbuf;
}
FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files = RB_ROOT;
FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs = kcalloc(BITS_TO_LONGS(c->main_lebs),
sizeof(unsigned long), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs) {
err = -ENOMEM;
log_err(c, errno, "can not allocate bitmap of used lebs");
goto free_rebuild;
}
return 0;
free_rebuild:
kfree(FSCK(c)->rebuild);
free_sbuf:
vfree(c->sbuf);
return err;
}
static void destroy_rebuild_info(struct ubifs_info *c)
{
kfree(FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs);
kfree(FSCK(c)->rebuild);
vfree(c->sbuf);
}
/**
* insert_or_update_ino_node - insert or update inode node.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
* @new_ino: new inode node
* @tree: a tree to record valid/deleted inode node info
*
* This function inserts @new_ino into the @tree, or updates inode node
* if it already exists in the tree. Returns zero in case of success, a
* negative error code in case of failure.
*/
static int insert_or_update_ino_node(struct ubifs_info *c,
struct scanned_ino_node *new_ino,
struct rb_root *tree)
{
int cmp;
struct scanned_ino_node *ino_node, *old_ino_node = NULL;
struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
p = &tree->rb_node;
while (*p) {
parent = *p;
ino_node = rb_entry(parent, struct scanned_ino_node, rb);
cmp = keys_cmp(c, &new_ino->key, &ino_node->key);
if (cmp < 0) {
p = &(*p)->rb_left;
} else if (cmp > 0) {
p = &(*p)->rb_right;
} else {
old_ino_node = ino_node;
break;
}
}
if (old_ino_node) {
if (old_ino_node->header.sqnum < new_ino->header.sqnum) {
size_t len = offsetof(struct scanned_ino_node, rb);
memcpy(old_ino_node, new_ino, len);
}
return 0;
}
ino_node = kmalloc(sizeof(struct scanned_ino_node), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!ino_node)
return -ENOMEM;
*ino_node = *new_ino;
rb_link_node(&ino_node->rb, parent, p);
rb_insert_color(&ino_node->rb, tree);
return 0;
}
/**
* insert_or_update_dent_node - insert or update dentry node.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
* @new_dent: new dentry node
* @tree: a tree to record valid/deleted dentry node info
*
* This function inserts @new_dent into the @tree, or updates dent node
* if it already exists in the tree. Returns zero in case of success, a
* negative error code in case of failure.
*/
static int insert_or_update_dent_node(struct ubifs_info *c,
struct scanned_dent_node *new_dent,
struct rb_root *tree)
{
int cmp, nlen;
struct scanned_dent_node *dent_node, *old_dent_node = NULL;
struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
p = &tree->rb_node;
while (*p) {
parent = *p;
dent_node = rb_entry(parent, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
cmp = keys_cmp(c, &new_dent->key, &dent_node->key);
if (cmp < 0) {
p = &(*p)->rb_left;
} else if (cmp > 0) {
p = &(*p)->rb_right;
} else {
nlen = min(new_dent->nlen, dent_node->nlen);
cmp = strncmp(new_dent->name, dent_node->name, nlen) ? :
new_dent->nlen - dent_node->nlen;
if (cmp < 0) {
p = &(*p)->rb_left;
} else if (cmp > 0) {
p = &(*p)->rb_right;
} else {
old_dent_node = dent_node;
break;
}
}
}
if (old_dent_node) {
if (old_dent_node->header.sqnum < new_dent->header.sqnum) {
size_t len = offsetof(struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
memcpy(old_dent_node, new_dent, len);
}
return 0;
}
dent_node = kmalloc(sizeof(struct scanned_dent_node), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!dent_node)
return -ENOMEM;
*dent_node = *new_dent;
rb_link_node(&dent_node->rb, parent, p);
rb_insert_color(&dent_node->rb, tree);
return 0;
}
/**
* process_scanned_node - process scanned node.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
* @lnum: logical eraseblock number
* @snod: scanned node
* @si: records nodes and files information during scanning
*
* This function parses, checks and records scanned node information.
* Returns zero in case of success, 1% if the scanned LEB doesn't hold file
* data and should be ignored(eg. index LEB), a negative error code in case
* of failure.
*/
static int process_scanned_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int lnum,
struct ubifs_scan_node *snod,
struct scanned_info *si)
{
ino_t inum;
int offs = snod->offs;
void *node = snod->node;
union ubifs_key *key = &snod->key;
struct rb_root *tree;
struct scanned_node *sn;
struct scanned_ino_node ino_node;
struct scanned_dent_node dent_node;
struct scanned_data_node data_node;
struct scanned_trun_node trun_node;
switch (snod->type) {
case UBIFS_INO_NODE:
{
if (!parse_ino_node(c, lnum, offs, node, key, &ino_node))
return 0;
tree = &si->del_inos;
if (ino_node.nlink)
tree = &si->valid_inos;
return insert_or_update_ino_node(c, &ino_node, tree);
}
case UBIFS_DENT_NODE:
case UBIFS_XENT_NODE:
{
if (!parse_dent_node(c, lnum, offs, node, key, &dent_node))
return 0;
tree = &si->del_dents;
if (dent_node.inum)
tree = &si->valid_dents;
return insert_or_update_dent_node(c, &dent_node, tree);
}
case UBIFS_DATA_NODE:
{
if (!parse_data_node(c, lnum, offs, node, key, &data_node))
return 0;
inum = key_inum(c, key);
sn = (struct scanned_node *)&data_node;
break;
}
case UBIFS_TRUN_NODE:
{
if (!parse_trun_node(c, lnum, offs, node, key, &trun_node))
return 0;
inum = le32_to_cpu(((struct ubifs_trun_node *)node)->inum);
sn = (struct scanned_node *)&trun_node;
break;
}
default:
dbg_fsck("skip node type %d, at %d:%d, in %s",
snod->type, lnum, offs, c->dev_name);
return 1;
}
tree = &FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files;
return insert_or_update_file(c, tree, sn, key_type(c, key), inum);
}
/**
* destroy_scanned_info - destroy scanned nodes.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
* @si: records nodes and files information during scanning
*
* Destroy scanned files and all data/dentry nodes attached to file, destroy
* valid/deleted inode/dentry info.
*/
static void destroy_scanned_info(struct ubifs_info *c, struct scanned_info *si)
{
struct scanned_ino_node *ino_node;
struct scanned_dent_node *dent_node;
struct rb_node *this;
destroy_file_tree(c, &FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files);
this = rb_first(&si->valid_inos);
while (this) {
ino_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_ino_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
rb_erase(&ino_node->rb, &si->valid_inos);
kfree(ino_node);
}
this = rb_first(&si->del_inos);
while (this) {
ino_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_ino_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
rb_erase(&ino_node->rb, &si->del_inos);
kfree(ino_node);
}
this = rb_first(&si->valid_dents);
while (this) {
dent_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
rb_erase(&dent_node->rb, &si->valid_dents);
kfree(dent_node);
}
this = rb_first(&si->del_dents);
while (this) {
dent_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
rb_erase(&dent_node->rb, &si->del_dents);
kfree(dent_node);
}
}
/**
* scan_nodes - scan node information from flash.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
* @si: records nodes and files information during scanning
*
* This function scans nodes from flash, all ino/dent nodes are split
* into valid tree and deleted tree, all trun/data nodes are collected
* into file, the file is inserted into @FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files.
*/
static int scan_nodes(struct ubifs_info *c, struct scanned_info *si)
{
int lnum, err = 0;
struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
struct ubifs_scan_node *snod;
for (lnum = c->main_first; lnum < c->leb_cnt; ++lnum) {
dbg_fsck("scan nodes at LEB %d, in %s", lnum, c->dev_name);
sleb = ubifs_scan(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf, 1);
if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
if (PTR_ERR(sleb) != -EUCLEAN)
return PTR_ERR(sleb);
sleb = ubifs_recover_leb(c, lnum, 0, c->sbuf, -1);
if (IS_ERR(sleb)) {
if (PTR_ERR(sleb) != -EUCLEAN)
return PTR_ERR(sleb);
/* This LEB holds corrupted data, abandon it. */
continue;
}
}
list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) {
if (snod->sqnum > c->max_sqnum)
c->max_sqnum = snod->sqnum;
err = process_scanned_node(c, lnum, snod, si);
if (err < 0) {
log_err(c, 0, "process node failed at LEB %d, err %d",
lnum, err);
ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
goto out;
} else if (err == 1) {
err = 0;
break;
}
}
ubifs_scan_destroy(sleb);
}
out:
return err;
}
static struct scanned_ino_node *
lookup_valid_ino_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct scanned_info *si,
struct scanned_ino_node *target)
{
int cmp;
struct scanned_ino_node *ino_node;
struct rb_node *p;
p = si->valid_inos.rb_node;
while (p) {
ino_node = rb_entry(p, struct scanned_ino_node, rb);
cmp = keys_cmp(c, &target->key, &ino_node->key);
if (cmp < 0) {
p = p->rb_left;
} else if (cmp > 0) {
p = p->rb_right;
} else {
if (target->header.sqnum > ino_node->header.sqnum)
return ino_node;
else
return NULL;
}
}
return NULL;
}
static struct scanned_dent_node *
lookup_valid_dent_node(struct ubifs_info *c, struct scanned_info *si,
struct scanned_dent_node *target)
{
int cmp, nlen;
struct scanned_dent_node *dent_node;
struct rb_node *p;
p = si->valid_dents.rb_node;
while (p) {
dent_node = rb_entry(p, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
cmp = keys_cmp(c, &target->key, &dent_node->key);
if (cmp < 0) {
p = p->rb_left;
} else if (cmp > 0) {
p = p->rb_right;
} else {
nlen = min(target->nlen, dent_node->nlen);
cmp = strncmp(target->name, dent_node->name, nlen) ? :
target->nlen - dent_node->nlen;
if (cmp < 0) {
p = p->rb_left;
} else if (cmp > 0) {
p = p->rb_right;
} else {
if (target->header.sqnum >
dent_node->header.sqnum)
return dent_node;
else
return NULL;
}
}
}
return NULL;
}
/**
* remove_del_nodes - remove deleted nodes from valid node tree.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
* @si: records nodes and files information during scanning
*
* This function compares sqnum between deleted node and corresponding valid
* node, removes valid node from tree if the sqnum of deleted node is bigger.
* Deleted ino/dent nodes will be removed from @si->del_inos/@si->del_dents
* after this function finished.
*/
static void remove_del_nodes(struct ubifs_info *c, struct scanned_info *si)
{
struct scanned_ino_node *del_ino_node, *valid_ino_node;
struct scanned_dent_node *del_dent_node, *valid_dent_node;
struct rb_node *this;
this = rb_first(&si->del_inos);
while (this) {
del_ino_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_ino_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
valid_ino_node = lookup_valid_ino_node(c, si, del_ino_node);
if (valid_ino_node) {
int lnum = del_ino_node->header.lnum;
set_bit(lnum - c->main_first, FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs);
rb_erase(&valid_ino_node->rb, &si->valid_inos);
kfree(valid_ino_node);
}
rb_erase(&del_ino_node->rb, &si->del_inos);
kfree(del_ino_node);
}
this = rb_first(&si->del_dents);
while (this) {
del_dent_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
valid_dent_node = lookup_valid_dent_node(c, si, del_dent_node);
if (valid_dent_node) {
int lnum = del_dent_node->header.lnum;
set_bit(lnum - c->main_first, FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs);
rb_erase(&valid_dent_node->rb, &si->valid_dents);
kfree(valid_dent_node);
}
rb_erase(&del_dent_node->rb, &si->del_dents);
kfree(del_dent_node);
}
}
/**
* add_valid_nodes_into_file - add valid nodes into file.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
* @si: records nodes and files information during scanning
*
* This function adds valid nodes into corresponding file, all valid ino/dent
* nodes will be removed from @si->valid_inos/@si->valid_dents if the function
* is executed successfully.
*/
static int add_valid_nodes_into_file(struct ubifs_info *c,
struct scanned_info *si)
{
int err, type;
ino_t inum;
struct scanned_node *sn;
struct scanned_ino_node *ino_node;
struct scanned_dent_node *dent_node;
struct rb_node *this;
struct rb_root *tree = &FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files;
this = rb_first(&si->valid_inos);
while (this) {
ino_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_ino_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
sn = (struct scanned_node *)ino_node;
type = key_type(c, &ino_node->key);
inum = key_inum(c, &ino_node->key);
err = insert_or_update_file(c, tree, sn, type, inum);
if (err)
return err;
rb_erase(&ino_node->rb, &si->valid_inos);
kfree(ino_node);
}
this = rb_first(&si->valid_dents);
while (this) {
dent_node = rb_entry(this, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
this = rb_next(this);
sn = (struct scanned_node *)dent_node;
inum = dent_node->inum;
type = key_type(c, &dent_node->key);
err = insert_or_update_file(c, tree, sn, type, inum);
if (err)
return err;
rb_erase(&dent_node->rb, &si->valid_dents);
kfree(dent_node);
}
return 0;
}
/**
* filter_invalid_files - filter out invalid files.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
*
* This function filters out invalid files(eg. inconsistent types between
* inode and dentry node, or missing inode/dentry node, or encrypted inode
* has no encryption related xattrs, etc.).
*/
static void filter_invalid_files(struct ubifs_info *c)
{
struct rb_node *node;
struct scanned_file *file;
struct rb_root *tree = &FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files;
LIST_HEAD(tmp_list);
/* Add all xattr files into a list. */
for (node = rb_first(tree); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
file = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_file, rb);
if (file->ino.is_xattr)
list_add(&file->list, &tmp_list);
}
/*
* Round 1: Traverse xattr files, check whether the xattr file is
* valid, move valid xattr file into corresponding host file's subtree.
*/
while (!list_empty(&tmp_list)) {
file = list_entry(tmp_list.next, struct scanned_file, list);
list_del(&file->list);
rb_erase(&file->rb, tree);
if (!file_is_valid(c, file, tree)) {
destroy_file_content(c, file);
kfree(file);
}
}
/* Round 2: Traverse non-xattr files. */
for (node = rb_first(tree); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
file = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_file, rb);
if (!file_is_valid(c, file, tree))
list_add(&file->list, &tmp_list);
}
/* Remove invalid files. */
while (!list_empty(&tmp_list)) {
file = list_entry(tmp_list.next, struct scanned_file, list);
list_del(&file->list);
destroy_file_content(c, file);
rb_erase(&file->rb, tree);
kfree(file);
}
}
/**
* extract_dentry_tree - extract reachable directory entries.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
*
* This function iterates all directory entries and remove those
* unreachable ones. 'Unreachable' means that a directory entry can
* not be searched from '/'.
*/
static void extract_dentry_tree(struct ubifs_info *c)
{
struct rb_node *node;
struct scanned_file *file;
struct rb_root *tree = &FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files;
LIST_HEAD(unreachable);
for (node = rb_first(tree); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
file = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_file, rb);
/*
* Since all xattr files are already attached to corresponding
* host file, there are only non-xattr files in the file tree.
*/
ubifs_assert(c, !file->ino.is_xattr);
if (!file_is_reachable(c, file, tree))
list_add(&file->list, &unreachable);
}
/* Remove unreachable files. */
while (!list_empty(&unreachable)) {
file = list_entry(unreachable.next, struct scanned_file, list);
dbg_fsck("remove unreachable file %lu, in %s",
file->inum, c->dev_name);
list_del(&file->list);
destroy_file_content(c, file);
rb_erase(&file->rb, tree);
kfree(file);
}
}
static const char *get_file_name(struct ubifs_info *c, struct scanned_file *file)
{
static char name[UBIFS_MAX_NLEN + 1];
struct rb_node *node;
struct scanned_dent_node *dent_node;
node = rb_first(&file->dent_nodes);
if (!node) {
ubifs_assert(c, file->inum == UBIFS_ROOT_INO);
return "/";
}
if (c->encrypted && !file->ino.is_xattr)
/* Encrypted file name. */
return "<encrypted>";
/* Get name from any one dentry. */
dent_node = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
memcpy(name, dent_node->name, dent_node->nlen);
/* @dent->name could be non '\0' terminated. */
name[dent_node->nlen] = '\0';
return name;
}
static void record_file_used_lebs(struct ubifs_info *c,
struct scanned_file *file)
{
int lnum;
struct rb_node *node;
struct scanned_file *xattr_file;
struct scanned_dent_node *dent_node;
struct scanned_data_node *data_node;
dbg_fsck("recovered file(inum:%lu name:%s type:%s), in %s",
file->inum, get_file_name(c, file),
file->ino.is_xattr ? "xattr" :
ubifs_get_type_name(ubifs_get_dent_type(file->ino.mode)),
c->dev_name);
lnum = file->ino.header.lnum;
set_bit(lnum - c->main_first, FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs);
if (file->trun.header.exist) {
lnum = file->trun.header.lnum;
set_bit(lnum - c->main_first, FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs);
}
for (node = rb_first(&file->data_nodes); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
data_node = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_data_node, rb);
lnum = data_node->header.lnum;
set_bit(lnum - c->main_first, FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs);
}
for (node = rb_first(&file->dent_nodes); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
dent_node = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_dent_node, rb);
lnum = dent_node->header.lnum;
set_bit(lnum - c->main_first, FSCK(c)->rebuild->used_lebs);
}
for (node = rb_first(&file->xattr_files); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
xattr_file = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_file, rb);
record_file_used_lebs(c, xattr_file);
}
}
/**
* record_used_lebs - record used LEBs.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
*
* This function records all used LEBs which may hold useful nodes, then left
* unused LEBs could be taken for storing new index tree.
*/
static void record_used_lebs(struct ubifs_info *c)
{
struct rb_node *node;
struct scanned_file *file;
struct rb_root *tree = &FSCK(c)->rebuild->scanned_files;
for (node = rb_first(tree); node; node = rb_next(node)) {
file = rb_entry(node, struct scanned_file, rb);
record_file_used_lebs(c, file);
}
}
/**
* ubifs_rebuild_filesystem - Rebuild filesystem.
* @c: UBIFS file-system description object
*
* Scanning nodes from UBI volume and rebuild filesystem. Any inconsistent
* problems or corrupted data will be fixed.
*/
int ubifs_rebuild_filesystem(struct ubifs_info *c)
{
int err = 0;
struct scanned_info si;
si.valid_inos = si.del_inos = si.valid_dents = si.del_dents = RB_ROOT;
log_out(c, "Start rebuilding filesystem (Notice: dropping data/recovering deleted data can't be awared)");
FSCK(c)->mode = REBUILD_MODE;
err = init_rebuild_info(c);
if (err) {
exit_code |= FSCK_ERROR;
return err;
}
/* Step 1: Scan valid/deleted nodes from volume. */
log_out(c, "Scan nodes");
err = scan_nodes(c, &si);
if (err) {
exit_code |= FSCK_ERROR;
goto out;
}
/* Step 2: Remove deleted nodes from valid node tree. */
log_out(c, "Remove deleted nodes");
remove_del_nodes(c, &si);
/* Step 3: Add valid nodes into file. */
log_out(c, "Add valid nodes into file");
err = add_valid_nodes_into_file(c, &si);
if (err) {
exit_code |= FSCK_ERROR;
goto out;
}
/* Step 4: Drop invalid files. */
log_out(c, "Filter invalid files");
filter_invalid_files(c);
/* Step 5: Extract reachable directory entries. */
log_out(c, "Extract reachable files");
extract_dentry_tree(c);
/* Step 6: Check & correct files' information. */
log_out(c, "Check & correct file information");
err = check_and_correct_files(c);
if (err) {
exit_code |= FSCK_ERROR;
goto out;
}
/* Step 7: Record used LEBs. */
log_out(c, "Record used LEBs");
record_used_lebs(c);
out:
destroy_scanned_info(c, &si);
destroy_rebuild_info(c);
return err;
}
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