aboutsummaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/ubi-utils/ubiformat.c
blob: ef0378a63403c53c73d05276830cfaf42b0c69de (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2008 Nokia Corporation
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See
 * the GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */

/*
 * An utility to format MTD devices into UBI and flash UBI images.
 *
 * Author: Artem Bityutskiy
 */

/*
 * Maximum amount of consequtive eraseblocks which are considered as normal by
 * this utility. Otherwise it is assume that something is wrong with the flash
 * or the driver, and eraseblocks are stopped being marked as bad.
 */
#define MAX_CONSECUTIVE_BAD_BLOCKS 4

#define PROGRAM_NAME    "ubiformat"

#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <fcntl.h>

#include <libubi.h>
#include <libmtd.h>
#include <libscan.h>
#include <libubigen.h>
#include <mtd_swab.h>
#include <crc32.h>
#include "common.h"

/* The variables below are set by command line arguments */
struct args {
	unsigned int yes:1;
	unsigned int quiet:1;
	unsigned int verbose:1;
	unsigned int override_ec:1;
	unsigned int novtbl:1;
	unsigned int manual_subpage;
	int subpage_size;
	int vid_hdr_offs;
	int ubi_ver;
	uint32_t image_seq;
	off_t image_sz;
	long long ec;
	const char *image;
	const char *node;
	int node_fd;
};

static struct args args =
{
	.ubi_ver   = 1,
};

static const char doc[] = PROGRAM_NAME " version " VERSION
		" - a tool to format MTD devices and flash UBI images";

static const char optionsstr[] =
"-s, --sub-page-size=<bytes>  minimum input/output unit used for UBI\n"
"                             headers, e.g. sub-page size in case of NAND\n"
"                             flash (equivalent to the minimum input/output\n"
"                             unit size by default)\n"
"-O, --vid-hdr-offset=<offs>  offset if the VID header from start of the\n"
"                             physical eraseblock (default is the next\n"
"                             minimum I/O unit or sub-page after the EC\n"
"                             header)\n"
"-n, --no-volume-table        only erase all eraseblock and preserve erase\n"
"                             counters, do not write empty volume table\n"
"-f, --flash-image=<file>     flash image file, or '-' for stdin\n"
"-S, --image-size=<bytes>     bytes in input, if not reading from file\n"
"-e, --erase-counter=<value>  use <value> as the erase counter value for all\n"
"                             eraseblocks\n"
"-x, --ubi-ver=<num>          UBI version number to put to EC headers\n"
"                             (default is 1)\n"
"-Q, --image-seq=<num>        32-bit UBI image sequence number to use\n"
"                             (by default a random number is picked)\n"
"-y, --yes                    assume the answer is \"yes\" for all question\n"
"                             this program would otherwise ask\n"
"-q, --quiet                  suppress progress percentage information\n"
"-v, --verbose                be verbose\n"
"-h, -?, --help               print help message\n"
"-V, --version                print program version\n";

static const char usage[] =
"Usage: " PROGRAM_NAME " <MTD device node file name> [-s <bytes>] [-O <offs>] [-n]\n"
"\t\t\t[-Q <num>] [-f <file>] [-S <bytes>] [-e <value>] [-x <num>] [-y] [-q] [-v] [-h]\n"
"\t\t\t[--sub-page-size=<bytes>] [--vid-hdr-offset=<offs>] [--no-volume-table]\n"
"\t\t\t[--flash-image=<file>] [--image-size=<bytes>] [--erase-counter=<value>]\n"
"\t\t\t[--image-seq=<num>] [--ubi-ver=<num>] [--yes] [--quiet] [--verbose]\n"
"\t\t\t[--help] [--version]\n\n"
"Example 1: " PROGRAM_NAME " /dev/mtd0 -y - format MTD device number 0 and do\n"
"           not ask questions.\n"
"Example 2: " PROGRAM_NAME " /dev/mtd0 -q -e 0 - format MTD device number 0,\n"
"           be quiet and force erase counter value 0.";

static const struct option long_options[] = {
	{ .name = "sub-page-size",   .has_arg = 1, .flag = NULL, .val = 's' },
	{ .name = "vid-hdr-offset",  .has_arg = 1, .flag = NULL, .val = 'O' },
	{ .name = "no-volume-table", .has_arg = 0, .flag = NULL, .val = 'n' },
	{ .name = "flash-image",     .has_arg = 1, .flag = NULL, .val = 'f' },
	{ .name = "image-size",      .has_arg = 1, .flag = NULL, .val = 'S' },
	{ .name = "yes",             .has_arg = 0, .flag = NULL, .val = 'y' },
	{ .name = "erase-counter",   .has_arg = 1, .flag = NULL, .val = 'e' },
	{ .name = "quiet",           .has_arg = 0, .flag = NULL, .val = 'q' },
	{ .name = "verbose",         .has_arg = 0, .flag = NULL, .val = 'v' },
	{ .name = "ubi-ver",         .has_arg = 1, .flag = NULL, .val = 'x' },
	{ .name = "help",            .has_arg = 0, .flag = NULL, .val = 'h' },
	{ .name = "version",         .has_arg = 0, .flag = NULL, .val = 'V' },
	{ NULL, 0, NULL, 0},
};

static int parse_opt(int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	util_srand();
	args.image_seq = rand();

	while (1) {
		int key, error = 0;
		unsigned long int image_seq;

		key = getopt_long(argc, argv, "nh?Vyqve:x:s:O:f:S:", long_options, NULL);
		if (key == -1)
			break;

		switch (key) {
		case 's':
			args.subpage_size = util_get_bytes(optarg);
			if (args.subpage_size <= 0)
				return errmsg("bad sub-page size: \"%s\"", optarg);
			if (!is_power_of_2(args.subpage_size))
				return errmsg("sub-page size should be power of 2");
			break;

		case 'O':
			args.vid_hdr_offs = simple_strtoul(optarg, &error);
			if (error || args.vid_hdr_offs <= 0)
				return errmsg("bad VID header offset: \"%s\"", optarg);
			break;

		case 'e':
			args.ec = simple_strtoull(optarg, &error);
			if (error || args.ec < 0)
				return errmsg("bad erase counter value: \"%s\"", optarg);
			if (args.ec >= EC_MAX)
				return errmsg("too high erase %llu, counter, max is %u", args.ec, EC_MAX);
			args.override_ec = 1;
			break;

		case 'f':
			args.image = optarg;
			break;

		case 'S':
			args.image_sz = util_get_bytes(optarg);
			if (args.image_sz <= 0)
				return errmsg("bad image-size: \"%s\"", optarg);
			break;

		case 'n':
			args.novtbl = 1;
			break;

		case 'y':
			args.yes = 1;
			break;

		case 'q':
			args.quiet = 1;
			break;

		case 'x':
			args.ubi_ver = simple_strtoul(optarg, &error);
			if (error || args.ubi_ver < 0)
				return errmsg("bad UBI version: \"%s\"", optarg);
			break;

		case 'Q':
			image_seq = simple_strtoul(optarg, &error);
			if (error || image_seq > 0xFFFFFFFF)
				return errmsg("bad UBI image sequence number: \"%s\"", optarg);
			args.image_seq = image_seq;
			break;


		case 'v':
			args.verbose = 1;
			break;

		case 'V':
			common_print_version();
			exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);

		case 'h':
			printf("%s\n\n", doc);
			printf("%s\n\n", usage);
			printf("%s\n", optionsstr);
			exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
		case '?':
			printf("%s\n\n", doc);
			printf("%s\n\n", usage);
			printf("%s\n", optionsstr);
			return -1;

		case ':':
			return errmsg("parameter is missing");

		default:
			fprintf(stderr, "Use -h for help\n");
			return -1;
		}
	}

	if (args.quiet && args.verbose)
		return errmsg("using \"-q\" and \"-v\" at the same time does not make sense");

	if (optind == argc)
		return errmsg("MTD device name was not specified (use -h for help)");
	else if (optind != argc - 1)
		return errmsg("more then one MTD device specified (use -h for help)");

	if (args.image && args.novtbl)
		return errmsg("-n cannot be used together with -f");


	args.node = argv[optind];
	return 0;
}

static int want_exit(void)
{
	return prompt("continue?", false) == true ? 0 : 1;
}

static int answer_is_yes(const char *msg)
{
	return prompt(msg ? : "continue?", false);
}

static void print_bad_eraseblocks(const struct mtd_dev_info *mtd,
				  const struct ubi_scan_info *si)
{
	int first = 1, eb;

	if (si->bad_cnt == 0)
		return;

	normsg_cont("%d bad eraseblocks found, numbers: ", si->bad_cnt);
	for (eb = 0; eb < mtd->eb_cnt; eb++) {
		if (si->ec[eb] != EB_BAD)
			continue;
		if (first) {
			printf("%d", eb);
			first = 0;
		} else
			printf(", %d", eb);
	}
	printf("\n");
}

static int change_ech(struct ubi_ec_hdr *hdr, uint32_t image_seq,
		      long long ec)
{
	uint32_t crc;

	/* Check the EC header */
	if (be32_to_cpu(hdr->magic) != UBI_EC_HDR_MAGIC)
		return errmsg("bad UBI magic %#08x, should be %#08x",
			      be32_to_cpu(hdr->magic), UBI_EC_HDR_MAGIC);

	crc = mtd_crc32(UBI_CRC32_INIT, hdr, UBI_EC_HDR_SIZE_CRC);
	if (be32_to_cpu(hdr->hdr_crc) != crc)
		return errmsg("bad CRC %#08x, should be %#08x\n",
			      crc, be32_to_cpu(hdr->hdr_crc));

	hdr->image_seq = cpu_to_be32(image_seq);
	hdr->ec = cpu_to_be64(ec);
	crc = mtd_crc32(UBI_CRC32_INIT, hdr, UBI_EC_HDR_SIZE_CRC);
	hdr->hdr_crc = cpu_to_be32(crc);

	return 0;
}

static int drop_ffs(const struct mtd_dev_info *mtd, const void *buf, int len)
{
	int i;

        for (i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
		if (((const uint8_t *)buf)[i] != 0xFF)
		      break;

        /* The resulting length must be aligned to the minimum flash I/O size */
        len = i + 1;
	len = (len + mtd->min_io_size - 1) / mtd->min_io_size;
	len *=  mtd->min_io_size;
        return len;
}

static int open_file(off_t *sz)
{
	int fd;

	if (!strcmp(args.image, "-")) {
		if (args.image_sz == 0)
			return errmsg("must use '-S' with non-zero value when reading from stdin");

		*sz = args.image_sz;
		fd  = dup(STDIN_FILENO);
		if (fd < 0)
			return sys_errmsg("failed to dup stdin");
	} else {
		struct stat st;

		if (stat(args.image, &st))
			return sys_errmsg("cannot open \"%s\"", args.image);

		*sz = st.st_size;
		fd  = open(args.image, O_RDONLY);
		if (fd == -1)
			return sys_errmsg("cannot open \"%s\"", args.image);
	}

	return fd;
}

static int read_all(int fd, void *buf, size_t len)
{
	while (len > 0) {
		ssize_t l = read(fd, buf, len);
		if (l == 0)
			return errmsg("eof reached; %zu bytes remaining", len);
		else if (l > 0) {
			buf += l;
			len -= l;
		} else if (errno == EINTR || errno == EAGAIN)
			continue;
		else
			return sys_errmsg("reading failed; %zu bytes remaining", len);
	}

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Returns %-1 if consecutive bad blocks exceeds the
 * MAX_CONSECUTIVE_BAD_BLOCKS and returns %0 otherwise.
 */
static int consecutive_bad_check(int eb)
{
	static int consecutive_bad_blocks = 1;
	static int prev_bb = -1;

	if (prev_bb == -1)
		prev_bb = eb;

	if (eb == prev_bb + 1)
		consecutive_bad_blocks += 1;
	else
		consecutive_bad_blocks = 1;

	prev_bb = eb;

	if (consecutive_bad_blocks >= MAX_CONSECUTIVE_BAD_BLOCKS) {
		if (!args.quiet)
			printf("\n");
		return errmsg("consecutive bad blocks exceed limit: %d, bad flash?",
		              MAX_CONSECUTIVE_BAD_BLOCKS);
	}

	return 0;
}

/* TODO: we should actually torture the PEB before marking it as bad */
static int mark_bad(const struct mtd_dev_info *mtd, struct ubi_scan_info *si, int eb)
{
	int err;

	if (!args.yes)
		if (!answer_is_yes("mark it as bad?"))
			return -1;

	if (!args.quiet)
		normsg_cont("marking block %d bad", eb);

	if (!args.quiet)
		printf("\n");

	if (!mtd->bb_allowed) {
		if (!args.quiet)
			printf("\n");
		return errmsg("bad blocks not supported by this flash");
	}

	err = mtd_mark_bad(mtd, args.node_fd, eb);
	if (err)
		return err;

	si->bad_cnt += 1;
	si->ec[eb] = EB_BAD;

	return consecutive_bad_check(eb);
}

static int flash_image(libmtd_t libmtd, const struct mtd_dev_info *mtd,
		       const struct ubigen_info *ui, struct ubi_scan_info *si)
{
	int fd, img_ebs, eb, written_ebs = 0, divisor, skip_data_read = 0;
	off_t st_size;

	fd = open_file(&st_size);
	if (fd < 0)
		return fd;

	img_ebs = st_size / mtd->eb_size;

	if (img_ebs > si->good_cnt) {
		sys_errmsg("file \"%s\" is too large (%lld bytes)",
			   args.image, (long long)st_size);
		goto out_close;
	}

	if (st_size % mtd->eb_size) {
		return sys_errmsg("file \"%s\" (size %lld bytes) is not multiple of ""eraseblock size (%d bytes)",
				  args.image, (long long)st_size, mtd->eb_size);
		goto out_close;
	}

	verbose(args.verbose, "will write %d eraseblocks", img_ebs);
	divisor = img_ebs;
	for (eb = 0; eb < mtd->eb_cnt; eb++) {
		int err, new_len;
		char buf[mtd->eb_size];
		long long ec;

		if (!args.quiet && !args.verbose) {
			printf("\r" PROGRAM_NAME ": flashing eraseblock %d -- %2lld %% complete  ",
			       eb, (long long)(eb + 1) * 100 / divisor);
			fflush(stdout);
		}

		if (si->ec[eb] == EB_BAD) {
			divisor += 1;
			continue;
		}

		if (args.verbose) {
			normsg_cont("eraseblock %d: erase", eb);
			fflush(stdout);
		}

		err = mtd_erase(libmtd, mtd, args.node_fd, eb);
		if (err) {
			if (!args.quiet)
				printf("\n");
			sys_errmsg("failed to erase eraseblock %d", eb);

			if (errno != EIO)
				goto out_close;

			if (mark_bad(mtd, si, eb))
				goto out_close;

			continue;
		}

		if (!skip_data_read) {
			err = read_all(fd, buf, mtd->eb_size);
			if (err) {
				sys_errmsg("failed to read eraseblock %d from \"%s\"",
					   written_ebs, args.image);
				goto out_close;
			}
		}
		skip_data_read = 0;

		if (args.override_ec)
			ec = args.ec;
		else if (si->ec[eb] <= EC_MAX)
			ec = si->ec[eb] + 1;
		else
			ec = si->mean_ec;

		if (args.verbose) {
			printf(", change EC to %lld", ec);
			fflush(stdout);
		}

		err = change_ech((struct ubi_ec_hdr *)buf, ui->image_seq, ec);
		if (err) {
			errmsg("bad EC header at eraseblock %d of \"%s\"",
			       written_ebs, args.image);
			goto out_close;
		}

		if (args.verbose) {
			printf(", write data\n");
			fflush(stdout);
		}

		new_len = drop_ffs(mtd, buf, mtd->eb_size);

		err = mtd_write(libmtd, mtd, args.node_fd, eb, 0, buf, new_len,
				NULL, 0, 0);
		if (err) {
			sys_errmsg("cannot write eraseblock %d", eb);

			if (errno != EIO)
				goto out_close;

			err = mtd_torture(libmtd, mtd, args.node_fd, eb);
			if (err) {
				if (mark_bad(mtd, si, eb))
					goto out_close;
			}

			/*
			 * We have to make sure that we do not read next block
			 * of data from the input image or stdin - we have to
			 * write buf first instead.
			 */
			skip_data_read = 1;
			continue;
		}
		if (++written_ebs >= img_ebs)
			break;
	}

	if (!args.quiet && !args.verbose)
		printf("\n");
	close(fd);
	return eb + 1;

out_close:
	close(fd);
	return -1;
}

static int format(libmtd_t libmtd, const struct mtd_dev_info *mtd,
		  const struct ubigen_info *ui, struct ubi_scan_info *si,
		  int start_eb, int novtbl)
{
	int eb, err, write_size;
	struct ubi_ec_hdr *hdr;
	struct ubi_vtbl_record *vtbl;
	int eb1 = -1, eb2 = -1;
	long long ec1 = -1, ec2 = -1;

	write_size = UBI_EC_HDR_SIZE + mtd->subpage_size - 1;
	write_size /= mtd->subpage_size;
	write_size *= mtd->subpage_size;
	hdr = malloc(write_size);
	if (!hdr)
		return sys_errmsg("cannot allocate %d bytes of memory", write_size);
	memset(hdr, 0xFF, write_size);

	for (eb = start_eb; eb < mtd->eb_cnt; eb++) {
		long long ec;

		if (!args.quiet && !args.verbose) {
			printf("\r" PROGRAM_NAME ": formatting eraseblock %d -- %2lld %% complete  ",
			       eb, (long long)(eb + 1 - start_eb) * 100 / (mtd->eb_cnt - start_eb));
			fflush(stdout);
		}

		if (si->ec[eb] == EB_BAD)
			continue;

		if (args.override_ec)
			ec = args.ec;
		else if (si->ec[eb] <= EC_MAX)
			ec = si->ec[eb] + 1;
		else
			ec = si->mean_ec;
		ubigen_init_ec_hdr(ui, hdr, ec);

		if (args.verbose) {
			normsg_cont("eraseblock %d: erase", eb);
			fflush(stdout);
		}

		err = mtd_erase(libmtd, mtd, args.node_fd, eb);
		if (err) {
			if (!args.quiet)
				printf("\n");

			sys_errmsg("failed to erase eraseblock %d", eb);
			if (errno != EIO)
				goto out_free;

			if (mark_bad(mtd, si, eb))
				goto out_free;
			continue;
		}

		if ((eb1 == -1 || eb2 == -1) && !novtbl) {
			if (eb1 == -1) {
				eb1 = eb;
				ec1 = ec;
			} else if (eb2 == -1) {
				eb2 = eb;
				ec2 = ec;
			}
			if (args.verbose)
				printf(", do not write EC, leave for vtbl\n");
			continue;
		}

		if (args.verbose) {
			printf(", write EC %lld\n", ec);
			fflush(stdout);
		}

		err = mtd_write(libmtd, mtd, args.node_fd, eb, 0, hdr,
				write_size, NULL, 0, 0);
		if (err) {
			if (!args.quiet && !args.verbose)
				printf("\n");
			sys_errmsg("cannot write EC header (%d bytes buffer) to eraseblock %d",
				   write_size, eb);

			if (errno != EIO) {
				if (args.subpage_size != mtd->min_io_size)
					normsg("may be sub-page size is incorrect?");
				goto out_free;
			}

			err = mtd_torture(libmtd, mtd, args.node_fd, eb);
			if (err) {
				if (mark_bad(mtd, si, eb))
					goto out_free;
			}
			continue;

		}
	}

	if (!args.quiet && !args.verbose)
		printf("\n");

	if (!novtbl) {
		if (eb1 == -1 || eb2 == -1) {
			errmsg("no eraseblocks for volume table");
			goto out_free;
		}

		verbose(args.verbose, "write volume table to eraseblocks %d and %d", eb1, eb2);
		vtbl = ubigen_create_empty_vtbl(ui);
		if (!vtbl)
			goto out_free;

		err = ubigen_write_layout_vol(ui, eb1, eb2, ec1,  ec2, vtbl,
					      args.node_fd);
		free(vtbl);
		if (err) {
			errmsg("cannot write layout volume");
			goto out_free;
		}
	}

	free(hdr);
	return 0;

out_free:
	free(hdr);
	return -1;
}

int main(int argc, char * const argv[])
{
	int err, verbose;
	libmtd_t libmtd;
	struct mtd_info mtd_info;
	struct mtd_dev_info mtd;
	libubi_t libubi;
	struct ubigen_info ui;
	struct ubi_scan_info *si;

	libmtd = libmtd_open();
	if (!libmtd)
		return errmsg("MTD subsystem is not present");

	err = parse_opt(argc, argv);
	if (err)
		goto out_close_mtd;

	err = mtd_get_info(libmtd, &mtd_info);
	if (err) {
		sys_errmsg("cannot get MTD information");
		goto out_close_mtd;
	}

	err = mtd_get_dev_info(libmtd, args.node, &mtd);
	if (err) {
		sys_errmsg("cannot get information about \"%s\"", args.node);
		goto out_close_mtd;
	}

	if (!is_power_of_2(mtd.min_io_size)) {
		errmsg("min. I/O size is %d, but should be power of 2",
		       mtd.min_io_size);
		goto out_close_mtd;
	}

	if (!mtd_info.sysfs_supported) {
		/*
		 * Linux kernels older than 2.6.30 did not support sysfs
		 * interface, and it is impossible to find out sub-page
		 * size in these kernels. This is why users should
		 * provide -s option.
		 */
		if (args.subpage_size == 0) {
			warnmsg("your MTD system is old and it is impossible "
				"to detect sub-page size. Use -s to get rid "
				"of this warning");
			normsg("assume sub-page to be %d", mtd.subpage_size);
		} else {
			mtd.subpage_size = args.subpage_size;
			args.manual_subpage = 1;
		}
	} else if (args.subpage_size && args.subpage_size != mtd.subpage_size) {
		mtd.subpage_size = args.subpage_size;
		args.manual_subpage = 1;
	}

	if (args.manual_subpage) {
		/* Do some sanity check */
		if (args.subpage_size > mtd.min_io_size) {
			errmsg("sub-page cannot be larger than min. I/O unit");
			goto out_close_mtd;
		}

		if (mtd.min_io_size % args.subpage_size) {
			errmsg("min. I/O unit size should be multiple of "
			       "sub-page size");
			goto out_close_mtd;
		}
	}

	args.node_fd = open(args.node, O_RDWR);
	if (args.node_fd == -1) {
		sys_errmsg("cannot open \"%s\"", args.node);
		goto out_close_mtd;
	}

	/* Validate VID header offset if it was specified */
	if (args.vid_hdr_offs != 0) {
		if (args.vid_hdr_offs % 8) {
			errmsg("VID header offset has to be multiple of min. I/O unit size");
			goto out_close;
		}
		if (args.vid_hdr_offs + (int)UBI_VID_HDR_SIZE > mtd.eb_size) {
			errmsg("bad VID header offset");
			goto out_close;
		}
	}

	if (!mtd.writable) {
		errmsg("mtd%d (%s) is a read-only device", mtd.mtd_num, args.node);
		goto out_close;
	}

	/* Make sure this MTD device is not attached to UBI */
	libubi = libubi_open();
	if (libubi) {
		int ubi_dev_num;

		err = mtd_num2ubi_dev(libubi, mtd.mtd_num, &ubi_dev_num);
		libubi_close(libubi);
		if (!err) {
			errmsg("please, first detach mtd%d (%s) from ubi%d",
			       mtd.mtd_num, args.node, ubi_dev_num);
			goto out_close;
		}
	}

	if (!args.quiet) {
		normsg_cont("mtd%d (%s), size ", mtd.mtd_num, mtd.type_str);
		util_print_bytes(mtd.size, 1);
		printf(", %d eraseblocks of ", mtd.eb_cnt);
		util_print_bytes(mtd.eb_size, 1);
		printf(", min. I/O size %d bytes\n", mtd.min_io_size);
	}

	if (args.quiet)
		verbose = 0;
	else if (args.verbose)
		verbose = 2;
	else
		verbose = 1;
	err = ubi_scan(&mtd, args.node_fd, &si, verbose);
	if (err) {
		errmsg("failed to scan mtd%d (%s)", mtd.mtd_num, args.node);
		goto out_close;
	}

	if (si->good_cnt == 0) {
		errmsg("all %d eraseblocks are bad", si->bad_cnt);
		goto out_free;
	}

	if (si->good_cnt < 2 && (!args.novtbl || args.image)) {
		errmsg("too few non-bad eraseblocks (%d) on mtd%d",
		       si->good_cnt, mtd.mtd_num);
		goto out_free;
	}

	if (!args.quiet) {
		if (si->ok_cnt)
			normsg("%d eraseblocks have valid erase counter, mean value is %lld",
			       si->ok_cnt, si->mean_ec);
		if (si->empty_cnt)
			normsg("%d eraseblocks are supposedly empty", si->empty_cnt);
		if (si->corrupted_cnt)
			normsg("%d corrupted erase counters", si->corrupted_cnt);
		print_bad_eraseblocks(&mtd, si);
	}

	if (si->alien_cnt) {
		if (!args.yes || !args.quiet)
			warnmsg("%d of %d eraseblocks contain non-UBI data",
				si->alien_cnt, si->good_cnt);
		if (!args.yes && want_exit()) {
			if (args.yes && !args.quiet)
				printf("yes\n");
			goto out_free;
		}
	}

	if (!args.override_ec && si->empty_cnt < si->good_cnt) {
		int percent = ((double)si->ok_cnt)/si->good_cnt * 100;

		/*
		 * Make sure the majority of eraseblocks have valid
		 * erase counters.
		 */
		if (percent < 50) {
			if (!args.yes || !args.quiet) {
				warnmsg("only %d of %d eraseblocks have valid erase counter",
					si->ok_cnt, si->good_cnt);
				normsg("erase counter 0 will be used for all eraseblocks");
				normsg("note, arbitrary erase counter value may be specified using -e option");
			}
			if (!args.yes && want_exit()) {
				if (args.yes && !args.quiet)
					printf("yes\n");
				goto out_free;
			}
			 args.ec = 0;
			 args.override_ec = 1;
		} else if (percent < 95) {
			if (!args.yes || !args.quiet) {
				warnmsg("only %d of %d eraseblocks have valid erase counter",
					si->ok_cnt, si->good_cnt);
				normsg("mean erase counter %lld will be used for the rest of eraseblock",
				       si->mean_ec);
			}
			if (!args.yes && want_exit()) {
				if (args.yes && !args.quiet)
					printf("yes\n");
				goto out_free;
			}
			args.ec = si->mean_ec;
			args.override_ec = 1;
		}
	}

	if (!args.quiet && args.override_ec)
		normsg("use erase counter %lld for all eraseblocks", args.ec);

	ubigen_info_init(&ui, mtd.eb_size, mtd.min_io_size, mtd.subpage_size,
			 args.vid_hdr_offs, args.ubi_ver, args.image_seq);

	if (si->vid_hdr_offs != -1 && ui.vid_hdr_offs != si->vid_hdr_offs) {
		/*
		 * Hmm, what we read from flash and what we calculated using
		 * min. I/O unit size and sub-page size differs.
		 */
		if (!args.yes || !args.quiet) {
			warnmsg("VID header and data offsets on flash are %d and %d, "
				"which is different to requested offsets %d and %d",
				si->vid_hdr_offs, si->data_offs, ui.vid_hdr_offs,
				ui.data_offs);
			normsg_cont("use new offsets %d and %d? ",
				    ui.vid_hdr_offs, ui.data_offs);
		}
		if (args.yes || answer_is_yes(NULL)) {
			if (args.yes && !args.quiet)
				printf("yes\n");
		} else
			ubigen_info_init(&ui, mtd.eb_size, mtd.min_io_size, 0,
					 si->vid_hdr_offs, args.ubi_ver,
					 args.image_seq);
		normsg("use offsets %d and %d",  ui.vid_hdr_offs, ui.data_offs);
	}

	if (args.image) {
		err = flash_image(libmtd, &mtd, &ui, si);
		if (err < 0)
			goto out_free;

		err = format(libmtd, &mtd, &ui, si, err, 1);
		if (err)
			goto out_free;
	} else {
		err = format(libmtd, &mtd, &ui, si, 0, args.novtbl);
		if (err)
			goto out_free;
	}

	ubi_scan_free(si);
	close(args.node_fd);
	libmtd_close(libmtd);
	return 0;

out_free:
	ubi_scan_free(si);
out_close:
	close(args.node_fd);
out_close_mtd:
	libmtd_close(libmtd);
	return -1;
}