Remove printing to stderr in libsquashfs with returning error numbers

Signed-off-by: David Oberhollenzer <david.oberhollenzer@sigma-star.at>

30 files changed, 554 insertions, 665 deletions

diff --git a/include/sqfs/error.h b/include/sqfs/error.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5bbf26c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/sqfs/error.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later */
+/*
+ * error.h
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2019 David Oberhollenzer <goliath@infraroot.at>
+ */
+#ifndef SQFS_ERROR_H
+#define SQFS_ERROR_H
+
+typedef enum {
+	SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC = -1,
+	SQFS_ERROR_IO = -2,
+	SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR = -3,
+	SQFS_ERROR_INTERNAL = -4,
+	SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED = -5,
+	SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED = -6,
+	SQFS_ERROR_OVERFLOW = -7,
+	SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS = -8,
+
+	SFQS_ERROR_SUPER_MAGIC = -9,
+	SFQS_ERROR_SUPER_VERSION = -10,
+	SQFS_ERROR_SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE = -11,
+} E_SQFS_ERROR;
+
+#endif /* SQFS_ERROR_H */
diff --git a/include/sqfs/meta_reader.h b/include/sqfs/meta_reader.h
index a529dba..f5008d4 100644
--- a/include/sqfs/meta_reader.h
+++ b/include/sqfs/meta_reader.h
@@ -44,15 +44,15 @@ SQFS_API int sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_header(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m,
 
 /* Entry can be freed with a single free() call.
    The function internally prints to stderr on failure */
-SQFS_API sqfs_dir_entry_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_ent(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m);
+SQFS_API int sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_ent(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m,
+					   sqfs_dir_entry_t **ent);
 
 /* Inode can be freed with a single free() call.
    The function internally prints error message to stderr on failure. */
 SQFS_API
-sqfs_inode_generic_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
-						  sqfs_super_t *super,
-						  uint64_t block_start,
-						  size_t offset);
+int sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_super_t *super,
+				uint64_t block_start, size_t offset,
+				sqfs_inode_generic_t **out);
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
diff --git a/include/sqfs/table.h b/include/sqfs/table.h
index 70bb437..f837f6b 100644
--- a/include/sqfs/table.h
+++ b/include/sqfs/table.h
@@ -29,9 +29,10 @@ SQFS_API int sqfs_write_table(int outfd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 			      const void *data, size_t table_size,
 			      uint64_t *start);
 
-SQFS_API void *sqfs_read_table(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
-			       size_t table_size, uint64_t location,
-			       uint64_t lower_limit, uint64_t upper_limit);
+SQFS_API int sqfs_read_table(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
+			     size_t table_size, uint64_t location,
+			     uint64_t lower_limit, uint64_t upper_limit,
+			     void **out);
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
diff --git a/include/sqfs/xattr.h b/include/sqfs/xattr.h
index 11976d0..0f9cf32 100644
--- a/include/sqfs/xattr.h
+++ b/include/sqfs/xattr.h
@@ -54,6 +54,8 @@ SQFS_API int sqfs_get_xattr_prefix_id(const char *key);
 /* Check if a given xattr key can be encoded in squashfs at all. */
 SQFS_API bool sqfs_has_xattr(const char *key);
 
+SQFS_API int sqfs_xattr_reader_load_locations(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr);
+
 SQFS_API void sqfs_xattr_reader_destroy(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr);
 
 SQFS_API sqfs_xattr_reader_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_create(int sqfsfd,
@@ -67,11 +69,13 @@ SQFS_API int sqfs_xattr_reader_seek_kv(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
 				       const sqfs_xattr_id_t *desc);
 
 SQFS_API
-sqfs_xattr_value_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_read_value(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
-						 const sqfs_xattr_entry_t *key);
+int sqfs_xattr_reader_read_value(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
+				 const sqfs_xattr_entry_t *key,
+				 sqfs_xattr_value_t **val_out);
 
 SQFS_API
-sqfs_xattr_entry_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_read_key(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr);
+int sqfs_xattr_reader_read_key(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
+			       sqfs_xattr_entry_t **key_out);
 
 #ifdef __cplusplus
 }
diff --git a/lib/Makemodule.am b/lib/Makemodule.am
index c71c1f8..e071fd0 100644
--- a/lib/Makemodule.am
+++ b/lib/Makemodule.am
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += include/sqfs/compress.h include/sqfs/block_processor.h
 libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += include/sqfs/super.h include/sqfs/inode.h
 libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += include/sqfs/dir.h include/sqfs/xattr.h
 libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += include/sqfs/table.h include/sqfs/predef.h
+libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += include/sqfs/error.h
 libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += lib/sqfs/meta_writer.c lib/sqfs/super.c
 libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += lib/sqfs/id_table.c lib/sqfs/dir_writer.c
 libsquashfs_la_SOURCES += lib/sqfs/write_table.c include/highlevel.h
@@ -111,6 +112,7 @@ sqfsinclude_HEADERS += include/sqfs/compress.h include/sqfs/block_processor.h
 sqfsinclude_HEADERS += include/sqfs/super.h include/sqfs/inode.h
 sqfsinclude_HEADERS += include/sqfs/dir.h include/sqfs/xattr.h
 sqfsinclude_HEADERS += include/sqfs/table.h include/sqfs/predef.h
+sqfsinclude_HEADERS += include/sqfs/error.h
 
 noinst_LIBRARIES += libfstree.a libtar.a libsqfshelper.a
 noinst_LTLIBRARIES += libutil.la
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/block_processor.c b/lib/sqfs/block_processor.c
index 3a57d14..649e97f 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/block_processor.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/block_processor.c
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/block_processor.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 struct sqfs_block_processor_t {
 	size_t max_block_size;
@@ -35,10 +35,8 @@ sqfs_block_processor_t *sqfs_block_processor_create(size_t max_block_size,
 
 	proc = alloc_flex(sizeof(*proc), 1, max_block_size);
 
-	if (proc == NULL) {
-		perror("Creating block processor");
+	if (proc == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	proc->max_block_size = max_block_size;
 	proc->cmp = cmp;
@@ -55,19 +53,23 @@ void sqfs_block_processor_destroy(sqfs_block_processor_t *proc)
 int sqfs_block_processor_enqueue(sqfs_block_processor_t *proc,
 				 sqfs_block_t *block)
 {
-	if (sqfs_block_process(block, proc->cmp,
-			       proc->scratch, proc->max_block_size))
+	int ret;
+
+	ret = sqfs_block_process(block, proc->cmp,
+				 proc->scratch, proc->max_block_size);
+	if (ret)
 		goto fail;
 
-	if (proc->cb(proc->user, block))
+	ret = proc->cb(proc->user, block);
+	if (ret)
 		goto fail;
 
 	free(block);
 	return 0;
 fail:
 	free(block);
-	proc->status = -1;
-	return -1;
+	proc->status = ret;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int sqfs_block_processor_finish(sqfs_block_processor_t *proc)
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/block_processor_parallel.c b/lib/sqfs/block_processor_parallel.c
index 3184d8b..b9a14c6 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/block_processor_parallel.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/block_processor_parallel.c
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
 
 #include "sqfs/block_processor.h"
 #include "sqfs/compress.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <pthread.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 #define MAX_BACKLOG_FACTOR (10)
 
@@ -129,39 +129,29 @@ sqfs_block_processor_t *sqfs_block_processor_create(size_t max_block_size,
 
 	proc = alloc_flex(sizeof(*proc),
 			  sizeof(proc->workers[0]), num_workers);
-	if (proc == NULL) {
-		perror("Creating block processor");
+	if (proc == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	proc->max_block_size = max_block_size;
 	proc->cb = callback;
 	proc->user = user;
 	proc->num_workers = num_workers;
 
-	if (pthread_mutex_init(&proc->mtx, NULL)) {
-		perror("Creating block processor mutex");
+	if (pthread_mutex_init(&proc->mtx, NULL))
 		goto fail_free;
-	}
 
-	if (pthread_cond_init(&proc->queue_cond, NULL)) {
-		perror("Creating block processor conditional");
+	if (pthread_cond_init(&proc->queue_cond, NULL))
 		goto fail_mtx;
-	}
 
-	if (pthread_cond_init(&proc->done_cond, NULL)) {
-		perror("Creating block processor completion conditional");
+	if (pthread_cond_init(&proc->done_cond, NULL))
 		goto fail_cond;
-	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < num_workers; ++i) {
 		proc->workers[i] = alloc_flex(sizeof(compress_worker_t),
 					      1, max_block_size);
 
-		if (proc->workers[i] == NULL) {
-			perror("Creating block worker data");
+		if (proc->workers[i] == NULL)
 			goto fail_init;
-		}
 
 		proc->workers[i]->shared = proc;
 		proc->workers[i]->cmp = cmp->create_copy(cmp);
@@ -174,10 +164,8 @@ sqfs_block_processor_t *sqfs_block_processor_create(size_t max_block_size,
 		ret = pthread_create(&proc->workers[i]->thread, NULL,
 				     worker_proc, proc->workers[i]);
 
-		if (ret != 0) {
-			perror("Creating block processor thread");
+		if (ret != 0)
 			goto fail_thread;
-		}
 	}
 
 	return proc;
@@ -253,16 +241,18 @@ static int process_completed_blocks(sqfs_block_processor_t *proc,
 				    sqfs_block_t *queue)
 {
 	sqfs_block_t *it;
+	int ret;
 
 	while (queue != NULL) {
 		it = queue;
 		queue = queue->next;
 
 		if (it->flags & SQFS_BLK_COMPRESS_ERROR) {
-			proc->status = -1;
+			proc->status = SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 		} else {
-			if (proc->cb(proc->user, it))
-				proc->status = -1;
+			ret = proc->cb(proc->user, it);
+			if (ret)
+				proc->status = ret;
 		}
 
 		free(it);
@@ -329,7 +319,9 @@ int sqfs_block_processor_finish(sqfs_block_processor_t *proc)
 	for (it = proc->done; it != NULL; it = it->next) {
 		if (it->sequence_number != proc->dequeue_id++) {
 			pthread_mutex_unlock(&proc->mtx);
-			goto bug_seqnum;
+
+			/* XXX: this would actually be a BUG */
+			return SQFS_ERROR_INTERNAL;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -338,8 +330,4 @@ int sqfs_block_processor_finish(sqfs_block_processor_t *proc)
 	pthread_mutex_unlock(&proc->mtx);
 
 	return process_completed_blocks(proc, queue);
-bug_seqnum:
-	fputs("[BUG][parallel block processor] "
-	      "gap in sequence numbers!\n", stderr);
-	return -1;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/comp/compressor.c b/lib/sqfs/comp/compressor.c
index 005dbd4..4d073f2 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/comp/compressor.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/comp/compressor.c
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 #include "internal.h"
 #include "util.h"
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ int sqfs_generic_write_options(int fd, const void *data, size_t size)
 
 	if (write_data("writing compressor options",
 		       fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) {
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 	}
 
 	return sizeof(buffer);
@@ -65,14 +64,11 @@ int sqfs_generic_read_options(int fd, void *data, size_t size)
 
 	if (read_data_at("reading compressor options", sizeof(sqfs_super_t),
 			 fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer))) {
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 	}
 
-	if (le16toh(*((uint16_t *)buffer)) != (0x8000 | size)) {
-		fputs("reading compressor options: invalid meta data header\n",
-		      stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (le16toh(*((uint16_t *)buffer)) != (0x8000 | size))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
 	memcpy(data, buffer + 2, size);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/comp/gzip.c b/lib/sqfs/comp/gzip.c
index e80073d..484901a 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/comp/gzip.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/comp/gzip.c
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <zlib.h>
 
@@ -67,30 +66,24 @@ static int gzip_read_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 {
 	gzip_compressor_t *gzip = (gzip_compressor_t *)base;
 	gzip_options_t opt;
+	int ret;
 
-	if (sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt)))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	gzip->opt.level = le32toh(opt.level);
 	gzip->opt.window = le16toh(opt.window);
 	gzip->opt.strategies = le16toh(opt.strategies);
 
-	if (gzip->opt.level < 1 || gzip->opt.level > 9) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid gzip compression level '%d'.\n",
-			gzip->opt.level);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (gzip->opt.level < 1 || gzip->opt.level > 9)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
-	if (gzip->opt.window < 8 || gzip->opt.window > 15) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid gzip window size '%d'.\n",
-			gzip->opt.window);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (gzip->opt.window < 8 || gzip->opt.window > 15)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
-	if (gzip->opt.strategies & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GZIP_ALL) {
-		fputs("Unknown gzip strategies selected.\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (gzip->opt.strategies & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GZIP_ALL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -124,11 +117,8 @@ static int find_strategy(gzip_compressor_t *gzip, const uint8_t *in,
 			continue;
 
 		ret = deflateReset(&gzip->strm);
-		if (ret != Z_OK) {
-			fputs("resetting zlib stream failed\n",
-			      stderr);
-			return -1;
-		}
+		if (ret != Z_OK)
+			return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 		strategy = flag_to_zlib_strategy(i);
 
@@ -138,11 +128,8 @@ static int find_strategy(gzip_compressor_t *gzip, const uint8_t *in,
 		gzip->strm.avail_out = outsize;
 
 		ret = deflateParams(&gzip->strm, gzip->opt.level, strategy);
-		if (ret != Z_OK) {
-			fputs("setting deflate parameters failed\n",
-			      stderr);
-			return -1;
-		}
+		if (ret != Z_OK)
+			return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 		ret = deflate(&gzip->strm, Z_FINISH);
 
@@ -154,8 +141,7 @@ static int find_strategy(gzip_compressor_t *gzip, const uint8_t *in,
 				selected = strategy;
 			}
 		} else if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_BUF_ERROR) {
-			fputs("gzip block processing failed\n", stderr);
-			return -1;
+			return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -172,7 +158,7 @@ static ssize_t gzip_do_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 	if (gzip->compress && gzip->opt.strategies != 0) {
 		strategy = find_strategy(gzip, in, size, out, outsize);
 		if (strategy < 0)
-			return -1;
+			return strategy;
 	}
 
 	if (gzip->compress) {
@@ -181,10 +167,8 @@ static ssize_t gzip_do_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 		ret = inflateReset(&gzip->strm);
 	}
 
-	if (ret != Z_OK) {
-		fputs("resetting zlib stream failed\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ret != Z_OK)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	gzip->strm.next_in = (void *)in;
 	gzip->strm.avail_in = size;
@@ -193,11 +177,8 @@ static ssize_t gzip_do_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 
 	if (gzip->compress && gzip->opt.strategies != 0) {
 		ret = deflateParams(&gzip->strm, gzip->opt.level, strategy);
-		if (ret != Z_OK) {
-			fputs("setting selcted deflate parameters failed\n",
-			      stderr);
-			return -1;
-		}
+		if (ret != Z_OK)
+			return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 	}
 
 	if (gzip->compress) {
@@ -215,10 +196,8 @@ static ssize_t gzip_do_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 		return (ssize_t)written;
 	}
 
-	if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_BUF_ERROR) {
-		fputs("gzip block processing failed\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ret != Z_OK && ret != Z_BUF_ERROR)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -228,10 +207,8 @@ static sqfs_compressor_t *gzip_create_copy(sqfs_compressor_t *cmp)
 	gzip_compressor_t *gzip = malloc(sizeof(*gzip));
 	int ret;
 
-	if (gzip == NULL) {
-		perror("creating additional gzip compressor");
+	if (gzip == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	memcpy(gzip, cmp, sizeof(*gzip));
 	memset(&gzip->strm, 0, sizeof(gzip->strm));
@@ -244,8 +221,6 @@ static sqfs_compressor_t *gzip_create_copy(sqfs_compressor_t *cmp)
 	}
 
 	if (ret != Z_OK) {
-		fputs("internal error creating additional zlib stream\n",
-		      stderr);
 		free(gzip);
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -261,34 +236,24 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *gzip_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 
 	if (cfg->flags & ~(SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GZIP_ALL |
 			   SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GENERIC_ALL)) {
-		fputs("creating gzip compressor: unknown compressor flags\n",
-		      stderr);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	if (cfg->opt.gzip.level < SQFS_GZIP_MIN_LEVEL ||
 	    cfg->opt.gzip.level > SQFS_GZIP_MAX_LEVEL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "creating gzip compressor: compression level"
-			"must be between %d and %d inclusive\n",
-			SQFS_GZIP_MIN_LEVEL, SQFS_GZIP_MAX_LEVEL);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	if (cfg->opt.gzip.window_size < SQFS_GZIP_MIN_WINDOW ||
 	    cfg->opt.gzip.window_size > SQFS_GZIP_MAX_WINDOW) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "creating gzip compressor: window size"
-			"must be between %d and %d inclusive\n",
-			SQFS_GZIP_MIN_WINDOW, SQFS_GZIP_MAX_WINDOW);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	gzip = calloc(1, sizeof(*gzip));
 	base = (sqfs_compressor_t *)gzip;
 
-	if (gzip == NULL) {
-		perror("creating gzip compressor");
+	if (gzip == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	gzip->opt.level = cfg->opt.gzip.level;
 	gzip->opt.window = cfg->opt.gzip.window_size;
@@ -310,7 +275,6 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *gzip_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 	}
 
 	if (ret != Z_OK) {
-		fputs("internal error creating zlib stream\n", stderr);
 		free(gzip);
 		return NULL;
 	}
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/comp/internal.h b/lib/sqfs/comp/internal.h
index 117bb82..d2410fc 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/comp/internal.h
+++ b/lib/sqfs/comp/internal.h
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 
 #include "sqfs/predef.h"
 #include "sqfs/compress.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 SQFS_INTERNAL
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/comp/lz4.c b/lib/sqfs/comp/lz4.c
index 0893b34..446b83e 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/comp/lz4.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/comp/lz4.c
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 #include <lz4.h>
 #include <lz4hc.h>
@@ -44,18 +43,18 @@ static int lz4_write_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 static int lz4_read_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 {
 	lz4_options opt;
+	int ret;
 	(void)base;
 
-	if (sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt)))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	opt.version = le32toh(opt.version);
 	opt.flags = le32toh(opt.flags);
 
-	if (opt.version != LZ4LEGACY) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "unsupported lz4 version '%d'\n", opt.version);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (opt.version != LZ4LEGACY)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -74,10 +73,8 @@ static ssize_t lz4_comp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 					   size, outsize);
 	}
 
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		fputs("internal error in lz4 compressor\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -90,10 +87,8 @@ static ssize_t lz4_uncomp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 
 	ret = LZ4_decompress_safe((void *)in, (void *)out, size, outsize);
 
-	if (ret < 0) {
-		fputs("internal error in lz4 decompressor\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -102,10 +97,8 @@ static sqfs_compressor_t *lz4_create_copy(sqfs_compressor_t *cmp)
 {
 	lz4_compressor_t *lz4 = malloc(sizeof(*lz4));
 
-	if (lz4 == NULL) {
-		perror("creating additional lz4 compressor");
+	if (lz4 == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	memcpy(lz4, cmp, sizeof(*lz4));
 	return (sqfs_compressor_t *)lz4;
@@ -123,16 +116,13 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *lz4_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 
 	if (cfg->flags & ~(SQFS_COMP_FLAG_LZ4_ALL |
 			   SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GENERIC_ALL)) {
-		fputs("creating lz4 compressor: unknown compressor flags\n",
-		      stderr);
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	lz4 = calloc(1, sizeof(*lz4));
 	base = (sqfs_compressor_t *)lz4;
-	if (lz4 == NULL) {
-		perror("creating lz4 compressor");
+	if (lz4 == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	lz4->high_compression = (cfg->flags & SQFS_COMP_FLAG_LZ4_HC) != 0;
 
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/comp/lzo.c b/lib/sqfs/comp/lzo.c
index b01bf20..b4cfebf 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/comp/lzo.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/comp/lzo.c
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
 
 #include <lzo/lzo1x.h>
 
@@ -86,9 +84,11 @@ static int lzo_read_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 {
 	lzo_compressor_t *lzo = (lzo_compressor_t *)base;
 	lzo_options_t opt;
+	int ret;
 
-	if (sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt)))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	lzo->algorithm = le32toh(opt.algorithm);
 	lzo->level = le32toh(opt.level);
@@ -99,21 +99,17 @@ static int lzo_read_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 	case SQFS_LZO1X_1_12:
 	case SQFS_LZO1X_1_15:
 		if (lzo->level != 0)
-			goto fail_level;
+			return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 		break;
 	case SQFS_LZO1X_999:
 		if (lzo->level < 1 || lzo->level > 9)
-			goto fail_level;
+			return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 		break;
 	default:
-		fputs("Unsupported LZO variant specified.\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
-fail_level:
-	fputs("Unsupported LZO compression level specified.\n", stderr);
-	return -1;
 }
 
 static ssize_t lzo_comp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
@@ -133,10 +129,8 @@ static ssize_t lzo_comp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 							&len, lzo->buffer);
 	}
 
-	if (ret != LZO_E_OK) {
-		fputs("LZO compression failed.\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ret != LZO_E_OK)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	if (len < size)
 		return len;
@@ -153,10 +147,8 @@ static ssize_t lzo_uncomp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 
 	ret = lzo1x_decompress_safe(in, size, out, &len, lzo->buffer);
 
-	if (ret != LZO_E_OK) {
-		fputs("lzo decompress: input data is corrupted\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ret != LZO_E_OK)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	return len;
 }
@@ -167,11 +159,8 @@ static sqfs_compressor_t *lzo_create_copy(sqfs_compressor_t *cmp)
 	lzo_compressor_t *lzo;
 
 	lzo = alloc_flex(sizeof(*lzo), 1, lzo_algs[other->algorithm].bufsize);
-
-	if (lzo == NULL) {
-		perror("creating additional lzo compressor");
+	if (lzo == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	memcpy(lzo, other, sizeof(*lzo));
 	return (sqfs_compressor_t *)lzo;
@@ -187,28 +176,18 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *lzo_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 	sqfs_compressor_t *base;
 	lzo_compressor_t *lzo;
 
-	if (cfg->flags & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GENERIC_ALL) {
-		fputs("creating lzo compressor: unknown compressor flags\n",
-		      stderr);
+	if (cfg->flags & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GENERIC_ALL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	if (cfg->opt.lzo.algorithm > LZO_NUM_ALGS ||
 	    lzo_algs[cfg->opt.lzo.algorithm].compress == NULL) {
-		fputs("creating lzo compressor: unknown LZO variant\n",
-		      stderr);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	if (cfg->opt.lzo.algorithm == SQFS_LZO1X_999) {
-		if (cfg->opt.lzo.level > SQFS_LZO_MAX_LEVEL) {
-			fputs("creating lzo compressor: compression level "
-			      "must be between 0 and 9 inclusive\n", stderr);
+		if (cfg->opt.lzo.level > SQFS_LZO_MAX_LEVEL)
 			return NULL;
-		}
 	} else if (cfg->opt.lzo.level != 0) {
-		fputs("creating lzo compressor: level argument "
-		      "only supported by lzo1x 999\n", stderr);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
@@ -216,10 +195,8 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *lzo_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 			 lzo_algs[cfg->opt.lzo.algorithm].bufsize);
 	base = (sqfs_compressor_t *)lzo;
 
-	if (lzo == NULL) {
-		perror("creating lzo compressor");
+	if (lzo == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	lzo->algorithm = cfg->opt.lzo.algorithm;
 	lzo->level = cfg->opt.lzo.level;
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/comp/xz.c b/lib/sqfs/comp/xz.c
index 1f98a25..c626f92 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/comp/xz.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/comp/xz.c
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
 #include <lzma.h>
 
 #include "internal.h"
@@ -56,22 +54,20 @@ static int xz_read_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 {
 	xz_compressor_t *xz = (xz_compressor_t *)base;
 	xz_options_t opt;
+	int ret;
 
-	if (sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt)))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	opt.dict_size = le32toh(opt.dict_size);
 	opt.flags = le32toh(opt.flags);
 
-	if (!is_dict_size_valid(opt.dict_size)) {
-		fputs("Invalid lzma dictionary size.\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (!is_dict_size_valid(opt.dict_size))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
-	if (opt.flags & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_XZ_ALL) {
-		fputs("Unknown BCJ filter used.\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (opt.flags & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_XZ_ALL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
 	xz->flags = opt.flags;
 	xz->dict_size = opt.dict_size;
@@ -88,10 +84,8 @@ static ssize_t compress(xz_compressor_t *xz, lzma_vli filter,
 	lzma_ret ret;
 	int i = 0;
 
-	if (lzma_lzma_preset(&opt, LZMA_PRESET_DEFAULT)) {
-		fputs("error initializing xz options\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (lzma_lzma_preset(&opt, LZMA_PRESET_DEFAULT))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	opt.dict_size = xz->dict_size;
 
@@ -115,10 +109,8 @@ static ssize_t compress(xz_compressor_t *xz, lzma_vli filter,
 	if (ret == LZMA_OK)
 		return (written >= size) ? 0 : written;
 
-	if (ret != LZMA_BUF_ERROR) {
-		fputs("xz block compress failed\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ret != LZMA_BUF_ERROR)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -165,7 +157,7 @@ static ssize_t xz_comp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 
 		ret = compress(xz, filter, in, size, out, outsize);
 		if (ret < 0)
-			return -1;
+			return ret;
 
 		if (ret > 0 && (smallest == 0 || (size_t)ret < smallest)) {
 			smallest = ret;
@@ -195,18 +187,15 @@ static ssize_t xz_uncomp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 	if (ret == LZMA_OK && size == src_pos)
 		return (ssize_t)dest_pos;
 
-	fputs("xz block extract failed\n", stderr);
-	return -1;
+	return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 }
 
 static sqfs_compressor_t *xz_create_copy(sqfs_compressor_t *cmp)
 {
 	xz_compressor_t *xz = malloc(sizeof(*xz));
 
-	if (xz == NULL) {
-		perror("creating additional xz compressor");
+	if (xz == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	memcpy(xz, cmp, sizeof(*xz));
 	return (sqfs_compressor_t *)xz;
@@ -224,23 +213,16 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *xz_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 
 	if (cfg->flags & ~(SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GENERIC_ALL |
 			   SQFS_COMP_FLAG_XZ_ALL)) {
-		fputs("creating xz compressor: unknown compressor flags\n",
-		      stderr);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (!is_dict_size_valid(cfg->opt.xz.dict_size)) {
-		fputs("creating xz compressor: invalid dictionary size\n",
-		      stderr);
+	if (!is_dict_size_valid(cfg->opt.xz.dict_size))
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	xz = calloc(1, sizeof(*xz));
 	base = (sqfs_compressor_t *)xz;
-	if (xz == NULL) {
-		perror("creating xz compressor");
+	if (xz == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	xz->flags = cfg->flags;
 	xz->dict_size = cfg->opt.xz.dict_size;
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/comp/zstd.c b/lib/sqfs/comp/zstd.c
index 8a1dbf3..dc2387d 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/comp/zstd.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/comp/zstd.c
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
 
 #include <zstd.h>
 
@@ -43,10 +41,12 @@ static int zstd_write_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 static int zstd_read_options(sqfs_compressor_t *base, int fd)
 {
 	zstd_options_t opt;
+	int ret;
 	(void)base;
 
-	if (sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt)))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_generic_read_options(fd, &opt, sizeof(opt));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	opt.level = le32toh(opt.level);
 	return 0;
@@ -61,11 +61,8 @@ static ssize_t zstd_comp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 	ret = ZSTD_compressCCtx(zstd->zctx, out, outsize, in, size,
 				zstd->level);
 
-	if (ZSTD_isError(ret)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "internal error in ZSTD compressor: %s\n",
-			ZSTD_getErrorName(ret));
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ZSTD_isError(ret))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	return ret < size ? ret : 0;
 }
@@ -78,11 +75,8 @@ static ssize_t zstd_uncomp_block(sqfs_compressor_t *base, const uint8_t *in,
 
 	ret = ZSTD_decompress(out, outsize, in, size);
 
-	if (ZSTD_isError(ret)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "error uncompressing ZSTD compressed data: %s",
-			ZSTD_getErrorName(ret));
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (ZSTD_isError(ret))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_COMRPESSOR;
 
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -91,18 +85,14 @@ static sqfs_compressor_t *zstd_create_copy(sqfs_compressor_t *cmp)
 {
 	zstd_compressor_t *zstd = malloc(sizeof(*zstd));
 
-	if (zstd == NULL) {
-		perror("creating additional zstd compressor");
+	if (zstd == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	memcpy(zstd, cmp, sizeof(*zstd));
 
 	zstd->zctx = ZSTD_createCCtx();
 
 	if (zstd->zctx == NULL) {
-		fputs("error creating addtional zstd compression context\n",
-		      stderr);
 		free(zstd);
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -123,26 +113,21 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *zstd_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 	zstd_compressor_t *zstd;
 	sqfs_compressor_t *base;
 
-	if (cfg->flags & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GENERIC_ALL) {
-		fputs("creating zstd compressor: unknown compressor flags\n",
-		      stderr);
-	}
+	if (cfg->flags & ~SQFS_COMP_FLAG_GENERIC_ALL)
+		return NULL;
 
 	if (cfg->opt.zstd.level < 1 ||
 	    cfg->opt.zstd.level > ZSTD_maxCLevel()) {
-		goto fail_level;
+		return NULL;
 	}
 
 	zstd = calloc(1, sizeof(*zstd));
 	base = (sqfs_compressor_t *)zstd;
-	if (zstd == NULL) {
-		perror("creating zstd compressor");
+	if (zstd == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	zstd->zctx = ZSTD_createCCtx();
 	if (zstd->zctx == NULL) {
-		fputs("error creating zstd compression context\n", stderr);
 		free(zstd);
 		return NULL;
 	}
@@ -154,8 +139,4 @@ sqfs_compressor_t *zstd_compressor_create(const sqfs_compressor_config_t *cfg)
 	base->read_options = zstd_read_options;
 	base->create_copy = zstd_create_copy;
 	return base;
-fail_level:
-	fprintf(stderr, "zstd compression level must be a number in the range "
-		"1...%d\n", ZSTD_maxCLevel());
-	return NULL;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/dir_writer.c b/lib/sqfs/dir_writer.c
index d6921e7..aab5479 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/dir_writer.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/dir_writer.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_writer.h"
 #include "sqfs/inode.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "sqfs/data.h"
 #include "sqfs/dir.h"
 #include "util.h"
@@ -17,8 +18,6 @@
 #include <endian.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <assert.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 typedef struct dir_entry_t {
 	struct dir_entry_t *next;
@@ -59,9 +58,9 @@ static int get_type(mode_t mode)
 	case S_IFCHR:  return SQFS_INODE_CDEV;
 	case S_IFDIR:  return SQFS_INODE_DIR;
 	case S_IFREG:  return SQFS_INODE_FILE;
-	default:
-		assert(0);
 	}
+
+	return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 }
 
 static void writer_reset(sqfs_dir_writer_t *writer)
@@ -92,10 +91,8 @@ sqfs_dir_writer_t *sqfs_dir_writer_create(sqfs_meta_writer_t *dm)
 {
 	sqfs_dir_writer_t *writer = calloc(1, sizeof(*writer));
 
-	if (writer == NULL) {
-		perror("creating directory writer");
+	if (writer == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	writer->dm = dm;
 	return writer;
@@ -123,16 +120,20 @@ int sqfs_dir_writer_add_entry(sqfs_dir_writer_t *writer, const char *name,
 			      uint32_t inode_num, uint64_t inode_ref,
 			      mode_t mode)
 {
-	dir_entry_t *ent = alloc_flex(sizeof(*ent), 1, strlen(name));
+	dir_entry_t *ent;
+	int type;
 
-	if (ent == NULL) {
-		perror("creating directory entry");
-		return -1;
-	}
+	type = get_type(mode);
+	if (type < 0)
+		return type;
+
+	ent = alloc_flex(sizeof(*ent), 1, strlen(name));
+	if (ent == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	ent->inode_ref = inode_ref;
 	ent->inode_num = inode_num;
-	ent->type = get_type(mode);
+	ent->type = type;
 	ent->name_len = strlen(name);
 	memcpy(ent->name, name, ent->name_len);
 
@@ -183,19 +184,19 @@ static int add_header(sqfs_dir_writer_t *writer, size_t count,
 {
 	sqfs_dir_header_t hdr;
 	index_ent_t *idx;
+	int err;
 
 	hdr.count = htole32(count - 1);
 	hdr.start_block = htole32(ref->inode_ref >> 16);
 	hdr.inode_number = htole32(ref->inode_num);
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(writer->dm, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)))
-		return -1;
+	err = sqfs_meta_writer_append(writer->dm, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	idx = calloc(1, sizeof(*idx));
-	if (idx == NULL) {
-		perror("creating directory index entry");
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (idx == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	idx->ent = ref;
 	idx->block = block;
@@ -221,13 +222,15 @@ int sqfs_dir_writer_end(sqfs_dir_writer_t *writer)
 	size_t i, count;
 	uint32_t offset;
 	uint64_t block;
+	int err;
 
 	for (it = writer->list; it != NULL; ) {
 		sqfs_meta_writer_get_position(writer->dm, &block, &offset);
 		count = get_conseq_entry_count(offset, it);
 
-		if (add_header(writer, count, it, block))
-			return -1;
+		err = add_header(writer, count, it, block);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
 
 		first = it;
 
@@ -240,15 +243,15 @@ int sqfs_dir_writer_end(sqfs_dir_writer_t *writer)
 			diff_u16 = (uint16_t *)&ent.inode_diff;
 			*diff_u16 = htole16(*diff_u16);
 
-			if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(writer->dm, &ent,
-						    sizeof(ent))) {
-				return -1;
-			}
+			err = sqfs_meta_writer_append(writer->dm, &ent,
+						      sizeof(ent));
+			if (err)
+				return err;
 
-			if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(writer->dm, it->name,
-						    it->name_len)) {
-				return -1;
-			}
+			err = sqfs_meta_writer_append(writer->dm, it->name,
+						      it->name_len);
+			if (err)
+				return err;
 
 			it = it->next;
 		}
@@ -277,19 +280,21 @@ int sqfs_dir_writer_write_index(sqfs_dir_writer_t *writer,
 {
 	sqfs_dir_index_t ent;
 	index_ent_t *idx;
+	int err;
 
 	for (idx = writer->idx; idx != NULL; idx = idx->next) {
 		ent.start_block = htole32(idx->block);
 		ent.index = htole32(idx->index);
 		ent.size = htole32(idx->ent->name_len - 1);
 
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(im, &ent, sizeof(ent)))
-			return -1;
+		err = sqfs_meta_writer_append(im, &ent, sizeof(ent));
+		if (err)
+			return err;
 
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(im, idx->ent->name,
-					    idx->ent->name_len)) {
-			return -1;
-		}
+		err = sqfs_meta_writer_append(im, idx->ent->name,
+					      idx->ent->name_len);
+		if (err)
+			return err;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/id_table.c b/lib/sqfs/id_table.c
index f7ffe2d..496049e 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/id_table.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/id_table.c
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@
 #include "sqfs/id_table.h"
 #include "sqfs/super.h"
 #include "sqfs/table.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 struct sqfs_id_table_t {
 	uint32_t *ids;
@@ -23,12 +23,7 @@ struct sqfs_id_table_t {
 
 sqfs_id_table_t *sqfs_id_table_create(void)
 {
-	sqfs_id_table_t *tbl = calloc(1, sizeof(*tbl));
-
-	if (tbl == NULL)
-		perror("Creating ID table");
-
-	return tbl;
+	return calloc(1, sizeof(sqfs_id_table_t));
 }
 
 void sqfs_id_table_destroy(sqfs_id_table_t *tbl)
@@ -49,19 +44,15 @@ int sqfs_id_table_id_to_index(sqfs_id_table_t *tbl, uint32_t id, uint16_t *out)
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (tbl->num_ids == 0x10000) {
-		fputs("Too many unique UIDs/GIDs (more than 64k)!\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (tbl->num_ids == 0x10000)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
 
 	if (tbl->num_ids == tbl->max_ids) {
 		sz = (tbl->max_ids ? tbl->max_ids * 2 : 16);
 		ptr = realloc(tbl->ids, sizeof(tbl->ids[0]) * sz);
 
-		if (ptr == NULL) {
-			perror("growing ID table");
-			return -1;
-		}
+		if (ptr == NULL)
+			return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 		tbl->ids = ptr;
 		tbl->max_ids = sz;
@@ -75,10 +66,8 @@ int sqfs_id_table_id_to_index(sqfs_id_table_t *tbl, uint32_t id, uint16_t *out)
 int sqfs_id_table_index_to_id(const sqfs_id_table_t *tbl, uint16_t index,
 			      uint32_t *out)
 {
-	if (index >= tbl->num_ids) {
-		fputs("attempted out of bounds ID table access\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (index >= tbl->num_ids)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 	*out = tbl->ids[index];
 	return 0;
@@ -88,7 +77,9 @@ int sqfs_id_table_read(sqfs_id_table_t *tbl, int fd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 		       sqfs_compressor_t *cmp)
 {
 	uint64_t upper_limit, lower_limit;
+	void *raw_ids;
 	size_t i;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (tbl->ids != NULL) {
 		free(tbl->ids);
@@ -97,10 +88,8 @@ int sqfs_id_table_read(sqfs_id_table_t *tbl, int fd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 		tbl->ids = NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (!super->id_count || super->id_table_start >= super->bytes_used) {
-		fputs("ID table missing from file system\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (!super->id_count || super->id_table_start >= super->bytes_used)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
 	upper_limit = super->id_table_start;
 	lower_limit = super->directory_table_start;
@@ -117,11 +106,13 @@ int sqfs_id_table_read(sqfs_id_table_t *tbl, int fd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 
 	tbl->num_ids = super->id_count;
 	tbl->max_ids = super->id_count;
-	tbl->ids = sqfs_read_table(fd, cmp, tbl->num_ids * sizeof(uint32_t),
-				   super->id_table_start, lower_limit,
-				   upper_limit);
-	if (tbl->ids == NULL)
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_read_table(fd, cmp, tbl->num_ids * sizeof(uint32_t),
+			      super->id_table_start, lower_limit,
+			      upper_limit, &raw_ids);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	tbl->ids = raw_ids;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < tbl->num_ids; ++i)
 		tbl->ids[i] = le32toh(tbl->ids[i]);
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/meta_reader.c b/lib/sqfs/meta_reader.c
index 38aac7e..295d0de 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/meta_reader.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/meta_reader.c
@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_reader.h"
 #include "sqfs/compress.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "sqfs/data.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 struct sqfs_meta_reader_t {
 	uint64_t start;
@@ -49,10 +49,8 @@ sqfs_meta_reader_t *sqfs_meta_reader_create(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 {
 	sqfs_meta_reader_t *m = calloc(1, sizeof(*m));
 
-	if (m == NULL) {
-		perror("creating meta data reader");
+	if (m == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	m->start = start;
 	m->limit = limit;
@@ -75,11 +73,11 @@ int sqfs_meta_reader_seek(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m, uint64_t block_start,
 	size_t size;
 
 	if (block_start < m->start || block_start >= m->limit)
-		goto fail_range;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 	if (block_start == m->block_offset) {
 		if (offset >= m->data_used)
-			goto fail_offset;
+			return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 		m->offset = offset;
 		return 0;
@@ -87,7 +85,7 @@ int sqfs_meta_reader_seek(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m, uint64_t block_start,
 
 	if (read_data_at("reading meta data header", block_start,
 			 m->fd, &header, 2)) {
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 	}
 
 	header = le16toh(header);
@@ -95,24 +93,22 @@ int sqfs_meta_reader_seek(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m, uint64_t block_start,
 	size = header & 0x7FFF;
 
 	if (size > sizeof(m->data))
-		goto fail_too_large;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
 	if ((block_start + 2 + size) > m->limit)
-		goto fail_block_bounds;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 	if (read_data_at("reading meta data block", block_start + 2,
 			 m->fd, m->data, size)) {
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 	}
 
 	if (compressed) {
 		ret = m->cmp->do_block(m->cmp, m->data, size,
 				       m->scratch, sizeof(m->scratch));
 
-		if (ret <= 0) {
-			fputs("error uncompressing meta data block\n", stderr);
-			return -1;
-		}
+		if (ret < 0)
+			return ret;
 
 		memcpy(m->data, m->scratch, ret);
 		m->data_used = ret;
@@ -121,26 +117,12 @@ int sqfs_meta_reader_seek(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m, uint64_t block_start,
 	}
 
 	if (offset >= m->data_used)
-		goto fail_offset;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 	m->block_offset = block_start;
 	m->next_block = block_start + size + 2;
 	m->offset = offset;
 	return 0;
-fail_block_bounds:
-	fputs("found metadata block that exceeds filesystem bounds.\n",
-	      stderr);
-	return -1;
-fail_too_large:
-	fputs("found metadata block larger than maximum size.\n", stderr);
-	return -1;
-fail_offset:
-	fputs("Tried to seek past end of metadata block.\n", stderr);
-	return -1;
-fail_range:
-	fputs("Tried to read meta data block past filesystem bounds.\n",
-	      stderr);
-	return -1;
 }
 
 void sqfs_meta_reader_get_position(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m, uint64_t *block_start,
@@ -153,13 +135,15 @@ void sqfs_meta_reader_get_position(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m, uint64_t *block_start,
 int sqfs_meta_reader_read(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m, void *data, size_t size)
 {
 	size_t diff;
+	int ret;
 
 	while (size != 0) {
 		diff = m->data_used - m->offset;
 
 		if (diff == 0) {
-			if (sqfs_meta_reader_seek(m, m->next_block, 0))
-				return -1;
+			ret = sqfs_meta_reader_seek(m, m->next_block, 0);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
 			diff = m->data_used;
 		}
 
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/meta_writer.c b/lib/sqfs/meta_writer.c
index fdeea2e..46f9618 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/meta_writer.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/meta_writer.c
@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_writer.h"
 #include "sqfs/compress.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "sqfs/data.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <string.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 typedef struct meta_block_t {
 	struct meta_block_t *next;
@@ -58,10 +58,8 @@ sqfs_meta_writer_t *sqfs_meta_writer_create(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 {
 	sqfs_meta_writer_t *m = calloc(1, sizeof(*m));
 
-	if (m == NULL) {
-		perror("creating meta data writer");
+	if (m == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	m->cmp = cmp;
 	m->outfd = fd;
@@ -92,16 +90,14 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_flush(sqfs_meta_writer_t *m)
 		return 0;
 
 	outblk = calloc(1, sizeof(*outblk));
-	if (outblk == NULL) {
-		perror("generating meta data block");
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (outblk == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	ret = m->cmp->do_block(m->cmp, m->data, m->offset,
 			       outblk->data + 2, sizeof(outblk->data) - 2);
 	if (ret < 0) {
 		free(outblk);
-		return -1;
+		return ret;
 	}
 
 	if (ret > 0) {
@@ -113,6 +109,8 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_flush(sqfs_meta_writer_t *m)
 		count = m->offset + 2;
 	}
 
+	ret = 0;
+
 	if (m->keep_in_mem) {
 		if (m->list == NULL) {
 			m->list = outblk;
@@ -120,9 +118,9 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_flush(sqfs_meta_writer_t *m)
 			m->list_end->next = outblk;
 		}
 		m->list_end = outblk;
-		ret = 0;
 	} else {
-		ret = write_block(m->outfd, outblk);
+		if (write_block(m->outfd, outblk))
+			ret = SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 		free(outblk);
 	}
 
@@ -136,13 +134,15 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_append(sqfs_meta_writer_t *m, const void *data,
 			    size_t size)
 {
 	size_t diff;
+	int ret;
 
 	while (size != 0) {
 		diff = sizeof(m->data) - m->offset;
 
 		if (diff == 0) {
-			if (sqfs_meta_writer_flush(m))
-				return -1;
+			ret = sqfs_meta_writer_flush(m);
+			if (ret)
+				return ret;
 			diff = sizeof(m->data);
 		}
 
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ int sqfs_meta_write_write_to_file(sqfs_meta_writer_t *m)
 		blk = m->list;
 
 		if (write_block(m->outfd, blk))
-			return -1;
+			return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 
 		m->list = blk->next;
 		free(blk);
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/process_block.c b/lib/sqfs/process_block.c
index 2658ee7..2c1395f 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/process_block.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/process_block.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ int sqfs_block_process(sqfs_block_t *block, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 				    scratch, scratch_size);
 
 		if (ret < 0)
-			return -1;
+			return ret;
 
 		if (ret > 0) {
 			memcpy(block->data, scratch, ret);
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/read_inode.c b/lib/sqfs/read_inode.c
index 70ed9f1..56ea6a4 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/read_inode.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/read_inode.c
@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_reader.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "sqfs/super.h"
 #include "sqfs/inode.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
 #define SWAB16(x) x = le16toh(x)
@@ -55,8 +55,7 @@ static int set_mode(sqfs_inode_t *inode)
 		inode->mode |= S_IFIFO;
 		break;
 	default:
-		fputs("Found inode with unknown file mode\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -75,16 +74,17 @@ static uint64_t get_block_count(uint64_t size, uint64_t block_size,
 	return count;
 }
 
-static sqfs_inode_generic_t *read_inode_file(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
-					     sqfs_inode_t *base,
-					     size_t block_size)
+static int read_inode_file(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_inode_t *base,
+			   size_t block_size, sqfs_inode_generic_t **result)
 {
 	sqfs_inode_generic_t *out;
 	sqfs_inode_file_t file;
 	uint64_t i, count;
+	int err;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &file, sizeof(file)))
-		return NULL;
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &file, sizeof(file));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	SWAB32(file.blocks_start);
 	SWAB32(file.fragment_index);
@@ -95,38 +95,39 @@ static sqfs_inode_generic_t *read_inode_file(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
 				file.fragment_index, file.fragment_offset);
 
 	out = alloc_flex(sizeof(*out), sizeof(uint32_t), count);
-	if (out == NULL) {
-		perror("reading extended file inode");
-		return NULL;
-	}
+	if (out == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	out->base = *base;
 	out->data.file = file;
 	out->block_sizes = (uint32_t *)out->extra;
 	out->num_file_blocks = count;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, out->block_sizes,
-				  count * sizeof(uint32_t))) {
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, out->block_sizes,
+				    count * sizeof(uint32_t));
+	if (err) {
 		free(out);
-		return NULL;
+		return err;
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
 		SWAB32(out->block_sizes[i]);
 
-	return out;
+	*result = out;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static sqfs_inode_generic_t *read_inode_file_ext(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
-						 sqfs_inode_t *base,
-						 size_t block_size)
+static int read_inode_file_ext(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_inode_t *base,
+			       size_t block_size, sqfs_inode_generic_t **result)
 {
 	sqfs_inode_file_ext_t file;
 	sqfs_inode_generic_t *out;
 	uint64_t i, count;
+	int err;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &file, sizeof(file)))
-		return NULL;
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &file, sizeof(file));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	SWAB64(file.blocks_start);
 	SWAB64(file.file_size);
@@ -141,8 +142,8 @@ static sqfs_inode_generic_t *read_inode_file_ext(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
 
 	out = alloc_flex(sizeof(*out), sizeof(uint32_t), count);
 	if (out == NULL) {
-		perror("reading extended file inode");
-		return NULL;
+		return errno == EOVERFLOW ? SQFS_ERROR_OVERFLOW :
+			SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 	}
 
 	out->base = *base;
@@ -150,90 +151,96 @@ static sqfs_inode_generic_t *read_inode_file_ext(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
 	out->block_sizes = (uint32_t *)out->extra;
 	out->num_file_blocks = count;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, out->block_sizes,
-				  count * sizeof(uint32_t))) {
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, out->block_sizes,
+				    count * sizeof(uint32_t));
+	if (err) {
 		free(out);
-		return NULL;
+		return err;
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < count; ++i)
 		SWAB32(out->block_sizes[i]);
 
-	return out;
+	*result = out;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static sqfs_inode_generic_t *read_inode_slink(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
-					      sqfs_inode_t *base)
+static int read_inode_slink(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_inode_t *base,
+			    sqfs_inode_generic_t **result)
 {
 	sqfs_inode_generic_t *out;
 	sqfs_inode_slink_t slink;
 	size_t size;
+	int err;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &slink, sizeof(slink)))
-		return NULL;
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &slink, sizeof(slink));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	SWAB32(slink.nlink);
 	SWAB32(slink.target_size);
 
 	if (SZ_ADD_OV(slink.target_size, 1, &size) ||
 	    SZ_ADD_OV(sizeof(*out), size, &size)) {
-		errno = EOVERFLOW;
-		goto fail;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
 	}
 
 	out = calloc(1, size);
 	if (out == NULL)
-		goto fail;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	out->slink_target = (char *)out->extra;
 	out->base = *base;
 	out->data.slink = slink;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, out->slink_target, slink.target_size)) {
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, out->slink_target, slink.target_size);
+	if (err) {
 		free(out);
-		return NULL;
+		return err;
 	}
 
-	return out;
-fail:
-	perror("reading symlink inode");
-	return NULL;
+	*result = out;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static sqfs_inode_generic_t *read_inode_slink_ext(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
-						  sqfs_inode_t *base)
+static int read_inode_slink_ext(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_inode_t *base,
+				sqfs_inode_generic_t **result)
 {
-	sqfs_inode_generic_t *out = read_inode_slink(ir, base);
 	uint32_t xattr;
+	int err;
 
-	if (out != NULL) {
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &xattr, sizeof(xattr))) {
-			free(out);
-			return NULL;
-		}
+	err = read_inode_slink(ir, base, result);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
-		out->data.slink_ext.xattr_idx = le32toh(xattr);
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &xattr, sizeof(xattr));
+	if (err) {
+		free(*result);
+		return err;
 	}
 
-	return out;
+	(*result)->data.slink_ext.xattr_idx = le32toh(xattr);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-sqfs_inode_generic_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
-						  sqfs_super_t *super,
-						  uint64_t block_start,
-						  size_t offset)
+int sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_super_t *super,
+				uint64_t block_start, size_t offset,
+				sqfs_inode_generic_t **result)
 {
 	sqfs_inode_generic_t *out;
 	sqfs_inode_t inode;
+	int err;
 
 	/* read base inode */
 	block_start += super->inode_table_start;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_seek(ir, block_start, offset))
-		return NULL;
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_seek(ir, block_start, offset);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &inode, sizeof(inode)))
-		return NULL;
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &inode, sizeof(inode));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	SWAB16(inode.type);
 	SWAB16(inode.mode);
@@ -242,38 +249,39 @@ sqfs_inode_generic_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
 	SWAB32(inode.mod_time);
 	SWAB32(inode.inode_number);
 
-	if (set_mode(&inode))
-		return NULL;
+	err = set_mode(&inode);
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	/* inode types where the size is variable */
 	switch (inode.type) {
 	case SQFS_INODE_FILE:
-		return read_inode_file(ir, &inode, super->block_size);
+		return read_inode_file(ir, &inode, super->block_size, result);
 	case SQFS_INODE_SLINK:
-		return read_inode_slink(ir, &inode);
+		return read_inode_slink(ir, &inode, result);
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_FILE:
-		return read_inode_file_ext(ir, &inode, super->block_size);
+		return read_inode_file_ext(ir, &inode, super->block_size,
+					   result);
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_SLINK:
-		return read_inode_slink_ext(ir, &inode);
+		return read_inode_slink_ext(ir, &inode, result);
 	default:
 		break;
 	}
 
 	/* everything else */
 	out = calloc(1, sizeof(*out));
-	if (out == NULL) {
-		perror("reading symlink inode");
-		return NULL;
-	}
+	if (out == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	out->base = inode;
 
 	switch (inode.type) {
 	case SQFS_INODE_DIR:
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dir,
-					  sizeof(out->data.dir))) {
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dir,
+					    sizeof(out->data.dir));
+		if (err)
 			goto fail_free;
-		}
+
 		SWAB32(out->data.dir.start_block);
 		SWAB32(out->data.dir.nlink);
 		SWAB16(out->data.dir.size);
@@ -282,26 +290,26 @@ sqfs_inode_generic_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
 		break;
 	case SQFS_INODE_BDEV:
 	case SQFS_INODE_CDEV:
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dev,
-					  sizeof(out->data.dev))) {
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dev,
+					    sizeof(out->data.dev));
+		if (err)
 			goto fail_free;
-		}
 		SWAB32(out->data.dev.nlink);
 		SWAB32(out->data.dev.devno);
 		break;
 	case SQFS_INODE_FIFO:
 	case SQFS_INODE_SOCKET:
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.ipc,
-					  sizeof(out->data.ipc))) {
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.ipc,
+					    sizeof(out->data.ipc));
+		if (err)
 			goto fail_free;
-		}
 		SWAB32(out->data.ipc.nlink);
 		break;
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_DIR:
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dir_ext,
-					  sizeof(out->data.dir_ext))) {
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dir_ext,
+					    sizeof(out->data.dir_ext));
+		if (err)
 			goto fail_free;
-		}
 		SWAB32(out->data.dir_ext.nlink);
 		SWAB32(out->data.dir_ext.size);
 		SWAB32(out->data.dir_ext.start_block);
@@ -312,30 +320,30 @@ sqfs_inode_generic_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir,
 		break;
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_BDEV:
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_CDEV:
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dev_ext,
-					  sizeof(out->data.dev_ext))) {
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.dev_ext,
+					    sizeof(out->data.dev_ext));
+		if (err)
 			goto fail_free;
-		}
 		SWAB32(out->data.dev_ext.nlink);
 		SWAB32(out->data.dev_ext.devno);
 		SWAB32(out->data.dev_ext.xattr_idx);
 		break;
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_FIFO:
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_SOCKET:
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.ipc_ext,
-					  sizeof(out->data.ipc_ext))) {
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(ir, &out->data.ipc_ext,
+					    sizeof(out->data.ipc_ext));
+		if (err)
 			goto fail_free;
-		}
 		SWAB32(out->data.ipc_ext.nlink);
 		SWAB32(out->data.ipc_ext.xattr_idx);
 		break;
 	default:
-		fputs("Unknown inode type found\n", stderr);
-		goto fail_free;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 	}
 
-	return out;
+	*result = out;
+	return 0;
 fail_free:
 	free(out);
-	return NULL;
+	return err;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/read_super.c b/lib/sqfs/read_super.c
index 5bd5e50..9f7425c 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/read_super.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/read_super.c
@@ -8,12 +8,11 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/super.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <endian.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 int sqfs_super_read(sqfs_super_t *super, int fd)
 {
@@ -22,7 +21,7 @@ int sqfs_super_read(sqfs_super_t *super, int fd)
 	int i;
 
 	if (read_data_at("reading super block", 0, fd, &temp, sizeof(temp)))
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 
 	temp.magic = le32toh(temp.magic);
 	temp.inode_count = le32toh(temp.inode_count);
@@ -44,33 +43,21 @@ int sqfs_super_read(sqfs_super_t *super, int fd)
 	temp.fragment_table_start = le64toh(temp.fragment_table_start);
 	temp.export_table_start = le64toh(temp.export_table_start);
 
-	if (temp.magic != SQFS_MAGIC) {
-		fputs("Magic number missing. Not a squashfs image.\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (temp.magic != SQFS_MAGIC)
+		return SFQS_ERROR_SUPER_MAGIC;
 
 	if ((temp.version_major != SQFS_VERSION_MAJOR) ||
-	    (temp.version_minor != SQFS_VERSION_MINOR)) {
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"The squashfs image uses squashfs version %d.%d\n"
-			"This tool currently only supports version %d.%d.\n",
-			temp.version_major, temp.version_minor,
-			SQFS_VERSION_MAJOR, SQFS_VERSION_MINOR);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	if ((temp.block_size - 1) & temp.block_size) {
-		fputs("Block size in image is not a power of 2!\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	if (temp.block_size < 4096 || temp.block_size >= (1 << 20)) {
-		fputs("Block size in iamge not between 4k and 1M\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	    (temp.version_minor != SQFS_VERSION_MINOR))
+		return SFQS_ERROR_SUPER_VERSION;
+
+	if ((temp.block_size - 1) & temp.block_size)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE;
+
+	if (temp.block_size < 4096 || temp.block_size >= (1 << 20))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE;
 
 	if (temp.block_log < 12 || temp.block_log > 20)
-		goto fail_block_log;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
 	block_size = 1;
 
@@ -78,23 +65,15 @@ int sqfs_super_read(sqfs_super_t *super, int fd)
 		block_size <<= 1;
 
 	if (temp.block_size != block_size)
-		goto fail_block_log;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
 	if (temp.compression_id < SQFS_COMP_MIN ||
-	    temp.compression_id > SQFS_COMP_MAX) {
-		fputs("Image uses an unsupported compressor\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	    temp.compression_id > SQFS_COMP_MAX)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
-	if (temp.id_count == 0) {
-		fputs("ID table in squashfs image is empty.\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (temp.id_count == 0)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
 	memcpy(super, &temp, sizeof(temp));
 	return 0;
-fail_block_log:
-	fputs("Mismatch between block size and block log\n", stderr);
-	fputs("Filesystem probably currupted.\n", stderr);
-	return -1;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/read_table.c b/lib/sqfs/read_table.c
index d2664d4..843247e 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/read_table.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/read_table.c
@@ -8,27 +8,27 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_reader.h"
-#include "highlevel.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
+#include "sqfs/table.h"
+#include "sqfs/data.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <endian.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
-void *sqfs_read_table(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp, size_t table_size,
-		      uint64_t location, uint64_t lower_limit,
-		      uint64_t upper_limit)
+int sqfs_read_table(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp, size_t table_size,
+		    uint64_t location, uint64_t lower_limit,
+		    uint64_t upper_limit, void **out)
 {
 	size_t diff, block_count, blk_idx = 0;
 	uint64_t start, *locations;
 	sqfs_meta_reader_t *m;
 	void *data, *ptr;
+	int err;
 
 	data = malloc(table_size);
-	if (data == NULL) {
-		perror("reading table");
-		return NULL;
-	}
+	if (data == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	/* restore list from image */
 	block_count = table_size / SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE;
@@ -39,33 +39,38 @@ void *sqfs_read_table(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp, size_t table_size,
 	locations = alloc_array(sizeof(uint64_t), block_count);
 
 	if (locations == NULL) {
-		perror("allocation table location list");
+		err = SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 		goto fail_data;
 	}
 
 	if (read_data_at("reading table locations", location,
 			 fd, locations, sizeof(uint64_t) * block_count)) {
+		err = SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 		goto fail_idx;
 	}
 
 	/* Read the actual data */
 	m = sqfs_meta_reader_create(fd, cmp, lower_limit, upper_limit);
-	if (m == NULL)
+	if (m == NULL) {
+		err = SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 		goto fail_idx;
+	}
 
 	ptr = data;
 
 	while (table_size > 0) {
 		start = le64toh(locations[blk_idx++]);
 
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_seek(m, start, 0))
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_seek(m, start, 0);
+		if (err)
 			goto fail;
 
 		diff = SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE;
 		if (diff > table_size)
 			diff = table_size;
 
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, ptr, diff))
+		err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, ptr, diff);
+		if (err)
 			goto fail;
 
 		ptr = (char *)ptr + diff;
@@ -74,12 +79,14 @@ void *sqfs_read_table(int fd, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp, size_t table_size,
 
 	sqfs_meta_reader_destroy(m);
 	free(locations);
-	return data;
+	*out = data;
+	return 0;
 fail:
 	sqfs_meta_reader_destroy(m);
 fail_idx:
 	free(locations);
 fail_data:
 	free(data);
-	return NULL;
+	*out = NULL;
+	return err;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/readdir.c b/lib/sqfs/readdir.c
index e1712be..1323c36 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/readdir.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/readdir.c
@@ -8,38 +8,39 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_reader.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "sqfs/dir.h"
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 int sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_header(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m,
 				     sqfs_dir_header_t *hdr)
 {
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, hdr, sizeof(*hdr)))
-		return -1;
+	int err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, hdr, sizeof(*hdr));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	hdr->count = le32toh(hdr->count);
 	hdr->start_block = le32toh(hdr->start_block);
 	hdr->inode_number = le32toh(hdr->inode_number);
 
-	if (hdr->count > (SQFS_MAX_DIR_ENT - 1)) {
-		fputs("Found a directory header with too many entries\n",
-		      stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (hdr->count > (SQFS_MAX_DIR_ENT - 1))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-sqfs_dir_entry_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_ent(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m)
+int sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_ent(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m,
+				  sqfs_dir_entry_t **result)
 {
 	sqfs_dir_entry_t ent, *out;
 	uint16_t *diff_u16;
+	int err;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, &ent, sizeof(ent)))
-		return NULL;
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, &ent, sizeof(ent));
+	if (err)
+		return err;
 
 	diff_u16 = (uint16_t *)&ent.inode_diff;
 	*diff_u16 = le16toh(*diff_u16);
@@ -49,30 +50,28 @@ sqfs_dir_entry_t *sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_ent(sqfs_meta_reader_t *m)
 	ent.size = le16toh(ent.size);
 
 	out = calloc(1, sizeof(*out) + ent.size + 2);
-	if (out == NULL) {
-		perror("reading dir entry");
-		return NULL;
-	}
+	if (out == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	*out = ent;
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, out->name, ent.size + 1)) {
+	err = sqfs_meta_reader_read(m, out->name, ent.size + 1);
+	if (err) {
 		free(out);
-		return NULL;
+		return err;
 	}
 
 	if (strchr((char *)out->name, '/') != NULL ||
 	    strchr((char *)out->name, '\\') != NULL) {
-		fputs("Found a file name that contains slashes\n", stderr);
 		free(out);
-		return NULL;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 	}
 
 	if (strcmp((char *)out->name, "..") == 0 ||
 	    strcmp((char *)out->name, ".") == 0) {
-		fputs("Found '..' or '.' in file names\n", stderr);
 		free(out);
-		return NULL;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_CORRUPTED;
 	}
 
-	return out;
+	*result = out;
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/super.c b/lib/sqfs/super.c
index 5541501..0489079 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/super.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/super.c
@@ -8,27 +8,23 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/super.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <endian.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 int sqfs_super_init(sqfs_super_t *super, size_t block_size, uint32_t mtime,
 		    E_SQFS_COMPRESSOR compressor)
 {
 	unsigned int i;
 
-	if (block_size & (block_size - 1)) {
-		fputs("Block size must be a power of 2!\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (block_size & (block_size - 1))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE;
 
-	if (block_size < 4096 || block_size >= (1 << 20)) {
-		fputs("Block size must be between 4k and 1M\n", stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (block_size < 4096 || block_size >= (1 << 20))
+		return SQFS_ERROR_SUPER_BLOCK_SIZE;
 
 	memset(super, 0, sizeof(*super));
 	super->magic = SQFS_MAGIC;
@@ -77,16 +73,13 @@ int sqfs_super_write(sqfs_super_t *super, int fd)
 	copy.export_table_start = htole64(super->export_table_start);
 
 	if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET) == (off_t)-1)
-		goto fail_seek;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 
 	if (write_data("writing super block", fd, &copy, sizeof(copy)))
-		return -1;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 
 	if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END) == (off_t)-1)
-		goto fail_seek;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 
 	return 0;
-fail_seek:
-	perror("squashfs writing super block: seek on output file");
-	return -1;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/write_inode.c b/lib/sqfs/write_inode.c
index c51c1a3..42ec58f 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/write_inode.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/write_inode.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_writer.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "sqfs/inode.h"
 
 static int write_block_sizes(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir, sqfs_inode_generic_t *n)
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_write_inode(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir,
 				 sqfs_inode_generic_t *n)
 {
 	sqfs_inode_t base;
+	int ret;
 
 	base.type = htole16(n->base.type);
 	base.mode = htole16(n->base.mode);
@@ -34,8 +36,9 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_write_inode(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir,
 	base.mod_time = htole32(n->base.mod_time);
 	base.inode_number = htole32(n->base.inode_number);
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &base, sizeof(base)))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &base, sizeof(base));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	switch (n->base.type) {
 	case SQFS_INODE_DIR: {
@@ -56,8 +59,9 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_write_inode(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir,
 				htole32(n->data.file.fragment_offset),
 			.file_size = htole32(n->data.file.file_size),
 		};
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &file, sizeof(file)))
-			return -1;
+		ret = sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &file, sizeof(file));
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 		return write_block_sizes(ir, n);
 	}
 	case SQFS_INODE_SLINK: {
@@ -65,8 +69,9 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_write_inode(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir,
 			.nlink = htole32(n->data.slink.nlink),
 			.target_size = htole32(n->data.slink.target_size),
 		};
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &slink, sizeof(slink)))
-			return -1;
+		ret = sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &slink, sizeof(slink));
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 		return sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, n->slink_target,
 					       n->data.slink.target_size);
 	}
@@ -108,8 +113,9 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_write_inode(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir,
 				htole32(n->data.file_ext.fragment_offset),
 			.xattr_idx = htole32(n->data.file_ext.xattr_idx),
 		};
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &file, sizeof(file)))
-			return -1;
+		ret = sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &file, sizeof(file));
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 		return write_block_sizes(ir, n);
 	}
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_SLINK: {
@@ -119,12 +125,13 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_write_inode(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir,
 		};
 		uint32_t xattr = htole32(n->data.slink_ext.xattr_idx);
 
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &slink, sizeof(slink)))
-			return -1;
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, n->slink_target,
-					    n->data.slink_ext.target_size)) {
-			return -1;
-		}
+		ret = sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &slink, sizeof(slink));
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+		ret = sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, n->slink_target,
+					      n->data.slink_ext.target_size);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 		return sqfs_meta_writer_append(ir, &xattr, sizeof(xattr));
 	}
 	case SQFS_INODE_EXT_BDEV:
@@ -146,5 +153,5 @@ int sqfs_meta_writer_write_inode(sqfs_meta_writer_t *ir,
 	}
 	}
 
-	return -1;
+	return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 }
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/write_table.c b/lib/sqfs/write_table.c
index a5b4c69..c264ebd 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/write_table.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/write_table.c
@@ -8,12 +8,14 @@
 #include "config.h"
 
 #include "sqfs/meta_writer.h"
-#include "highlevel.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
+#include "sqfs/super.h"
+#include "sqfs/table.h"
+#include "sqfs/data.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <endian.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 
 int sqfs_write_table(int outfd, sqfs_super_t *super, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 		     const void *data, size_t table_size, uint64_t *start)
@@ -22,7 +24,7 @@ int sqfs_write_table(int outfd, sqfs_super_t *super, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 	uint64_t block, *locations;
 	sqfs_meta_writer_t *m;
 	uint32_t offset;
-	int ret = -1;
+	int ret;
 
 	block_count = table_size / SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE;
 	if ((table_size % SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE) != 0)
@@ -30,15 +32,15 @@ int sqfs_write_table(int outfd, sqfs_super_t *super, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 
 	locations = alloc_array(sizeof(uint64_t), block_count);
 
-	if (locations == NULL) {
-		perror("writing table");
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (locations == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	/* Write actual data */
 	m = sqfs_meta_writer_create(outfd, cmp, false);
-	if (m == NULL)
+	if (m == NULL) {
+		ret = SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 		goto out_idx;
+	}
 
 	while (table_size > 0) {
 		sqfs_meta_writer_get_position(m, &block, &offset);
@@ -48,14 +50,16 @@ int sqfs_write_table(int outfd, sqfs_super_t *super, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 		if (diff > table_size)
 			diff = table_size;
 
-		if (sqfs_meta_writer_append(m, data, diff))
+		ret = sqfs_meta_writer_append(m, data, diff);
+		if (ret)
 			goto out;
 
 		data = (const char *)data + diff;
 		table_size -= diff;
 	}
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_writer_flush(m))
+	ret = sqfs_meta_writer_flush(m);
+	if (ret)
 		goto out;
 
 	sqfs_meta_writer_get_position(m, &block, &offset);
@@ -65,8 +69,11 @@ int sqfs_write_table(int outfd, sqfs_super_t *super, sqfs_compressor_t *cmp,
 	*start = super->bytes_used;
 
 	list_size = sizeof(uint64_t) * block_count;
-	if (write_data("writing table locations", outfd, locations, list_size))
+	if (write_data("writing table locations", outfd,
+		       locations, list_size)) {
+		ret = SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 		goto out;
+	}
 
 	super->bytes_used += list_size;
 
diff --git a/lib/sqfs/xattr_reader.c b/lib/sqfs/xattr_reader.c
index aeee574..80731ba 100644
--- a/lib/sqfs/xattr_reader.c
+++ b/lib/sqfs/xattr_reader.c
@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@
 #include "sqfs/meta_reader.h"
 #include "sqfs/super.h"
 #include "sqfs/xattr.h"
+#include "sqfs/error.h"
 #include "sqfs/data.h"
 #include "util.h"
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
 #include <errno.h>
 
 struct sqfs_xattr_reader_t {
@@ -29,24 +29,28 @@ struct sqfs_xattr_reader_t {
 	sqfs_meta_reader_t *idrd;
 	sqfs_meta_reader_t *kvrd;
 	sqfs_super_t *super;
+	int sqfsfd;
 };
 
-static int get_id_block_locations(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr, int sqfsfd,
-				  sqfs_super_t *super)
+int sqfs_xattr_reader_load_locations(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr)
 {
 	sqfs_xattr_id_table_t idtbl;
 	size_t i;
+	int err;
 
-	if (super->xattr_id_table_start >= super->bytes_used) {
-		fputs("xattr ID location table is after end of filesystem\n",
-		      stderr);
-		return -1;
-	}
+	if (xr->super->flags & SQFS_FLAG_NO_XATTRS)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (xr->super->xattr_id_table_start == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (xr->super->xattr_id_table_start >= xr->super->bytes_used)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 	if (read_data_at("reading xattr ID location table",
-			 super->xattr_id_table_start,
-			 sqfsfd, &idtbl, sizeof(idtbl))) {
-		return -1;
+			 xr->super->xattr_id_table_start,
+			 xr->sqfsfd, &idtbl, sizeof(idtbl))) {
+		return SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 	}
 
 	xr->xattr_start = le64toh(idtbl.xattr_table_start);
@@ -59,23 +63,24 @@ static int get_id_block_locations(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr, int sqfsfd,
 
 	xr->id_block_starts = alloc_array(sizeof(uint64_t), xr->num_id_blocks);
 	if (xr->id_block_starts == NULL) {
-		perror("allocating xattr ID location table");
-		return -1;
+		if (errno == EOVERFLOW)
+			return SQFS_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 	}
 
 	if (read_data_at("reading xattr ID block locations",
-			 super->xattr_id_table_start + sizeof(idtbl),
-			 sqfsfd, xr->id_block_starts,
+			 xr->super->xattr_id_table_start + sizeof(idtbl),
+			 xr->sqfsfd, xr->id_block_starts,
 			 sizeof(uint64_t) * xr->num_id_blocks)) {
+		err = SQFS_ERROR_IO;
 		goto fail;
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < xr->num_id_blocks; ++i) {
 		xr->id_block_starts[i] = le64toh(xr->id_block_starts[i]);
 
-		if (xr->id_block_starts[i] > super->bytes_used) {
-			fputs("found xattr ID block that is past "
-			      "end of filesystem\n", stderr);
+		if (xr->id_block_starts[i] > xr->super->bytes_used) {
+			err = SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 			goto fail;
 		}
 	}
@@ -84,119 +89,113 @@ static int get_id_block_locations(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr, int sqfsfd,
 fail:
 	free(xr->id_block_starts);
 	xr->id_block_starts = NULL;
-	return -1;
+	return err;
 }
 
-sqfs_xattr_entry_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_read_key(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr)
+int sqfs_xattr_reader_read_key(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
+			       sqfs_xattr_entry_t **key_out)
 {
 	sqfs_xattr_entry_t key, *out;
 	const char *prefix;
 	size_t plen, total;
+	int ret;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, &key, sizeof(key)))
-		return NULL;
+	ret = sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, &key, sizeof(key));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	key.type = le16toh(key.type);
 	key.size = le16toh(key.size);
 
 	prefix = sqfs_get_xattr_prefix(key.type & SQFS_XATTR_PREFIX_MASK);
-	if (prefix == NULL) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "found unknown xattr type %u\n",
-			key.type & SQFS_XATTR_PREFIX_MASK);
-		return NULL;
-	}
+	if (prefix == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED;
 
 	plen = strlen(prefix);
 
 	if (SZ_ADD_OV(plen, key.size, &total) || SZ_ADD_OV(total, 1, &total) ||
 	    SZ_ADD_OV(sizeof(*out), total, &total)) {
-		errno = EOVERFLOW;
-		goto fail_alloc;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
 	}
 
 	out = calloc(1, total);
-	if (out == NULL) {
-		goto fail_alloc;
-	}
+	if (out == NULL)
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	*out = key;
 	memcpy(out->key, prefix, plen);
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, out->key + plen, key.size)) {
+	ret = sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, out->key + plen, key.size);
+	if (ret) {
 		free(out);
-		return NULL;
+		return ret;
 	}
 
-	return out;
-fail_alloc:
-	perror("allocating xattr key");
-	return NULL;
+	*key_out = out;
+	return 0;
 }
 
-sqfs_xattr_value_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_read_value(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
-						 const sqfs_xattr_entry_t *key)
+int sqfs_xattr_reader_read_value(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
+				 const sqfs_xattr_entry_t *key,
+				 sqfs_xattr_value_t **val_out)
 {
 	size_t offset, new_offset, size;
 	sqfs_xattr_value_t value, *out;
 	uint64_t ref, start, new_start;
+	int ret;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, &value, sizeof(value)))
-		return NULL;
+	ret = sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, &value, sizeof(value));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	if (key->type & SQFS_XATTR_FLAG_OOL) {
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, &ref, sizeof(ref)))
-			return NULL;
+		ret = sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, &ref, sizeof(ref));
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 
 		sqfs_meta_reader_get_position(xr->kvrd, &start, &offset);
 
 		new_start = xr->xattr_start + (ref >> 16);
-		new_offset = ref & 0xFFFF;
-
-		if (new_start > xr->super->bytes_used) {
-			fputs("OOL xattr reference points past end of "
-			      "filesystem\n", stderr);
-			return NULL;
-		}
+		if (new_start >= xr->super->bytes_used)
+			return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
-		if (new_offset >= SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE) {
-			fputs("OOL xattr reference points outside "
-			      "metadata block\n", stderr);
-			return NULL;
-		}
+		new_offset = ref & 0xFFFF;
+		if (new_offset >= SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE)
+			return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_seek(xr->kvrd, new_start, new_offset))
-			return NULL;
+		ret = sqfs_meta_reader_seek(xr->kvrd, new_start, new_offset);
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
 	}
 
 	value.size = le32toh(value.size);
 
 	if (SZ_ADD_OV(sizeof(*out), value.size, &size) ||
 	    SZ_ADD_OV(size, 1, &size)) {
-		errno = EOVERFLOW;
-		goto fail_alloc;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
 	}
 
 	out = calloc(1, size);
 	if (out == NULL)
-		goto fail_alloc;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_ALLOC;
 
 	*out = value;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, out->value, value.size))
+	ret = sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->kvrd, out->value, value.size);
+	if (ret)
 		goto fail;
 
 	if (key->type & SQFS_XATTR_FLAG_OOL) {
-		if (sqfs_meta_reader_seek(xr->kvrd, start, offset))
+		ret = sqfs_meta_reader_seek(xr->kvrd, start, offset);
+		if (ret)
 			goto fail;
 	}
 
-	return out;
-fail_alloc:
-	perror("allocating xattr value");
-	return NULL;
+	*val_out = out;
+	return 0;
 fail:
 	free(out);
-	return NULL;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int sqfs_xattr_reader_seek_kv(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr,
@@ -212,38 +211,35 @@ int sqfs_xattr_reader_get_desc(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr, uint32_t idx,
 			       sqfs_xattr_id_t *desc)
 {
 	size_t block, offset;
+	int ret;
 
 	memset(desc, 0, sizeof(*desc));
 
 	if (idx == 0xFFFFFFFF)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (xr->kvrd == NULL || xr->idrd == NULL) {
-		if (idx != 0)
-			goto fail_bounds;
-		return 0;
-	}
+	if (xr->kvrd == NULL || xr->idrd == NULL)
+		return idx == 0 ? 0 : SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 	if (idx >= xr->num_ids)
-		goto fail_bounds;
+		return SQFS_ERROR_OUT_OF_BOUNDS;
 
 	offset = (idx * sizeof(*desc)) % SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE;
 	block = (idx * sizeof(*desc)) / SQFS_META_BLOCK_SIZE;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_seek(xr->idrd, xr->id_block_starts[block], offset))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_meta_reader_seek(xr->idrd, xr->id_block_starts[block],
+				    offset);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
-	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->idrd, desc, sizeof(*desc)))
-		return -1;
+	ret = sqfs_meta_reader_read(xr->idrd, desc, sizeof(*desc));
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
 
 	desc->xattr = le64toh(desc->xattr);
 	desc->count = le32toh(desc->count);
 	desc->size = le32toh(desc->size);
 	return 0;
-fail_bounds:
-	fprintf(stderr, "Tried to access out of bounds "
-		"xattr index: 0x%08X\n", idx);
-	return -1;
 }
 
 void sqfs_xattr_reader_destroy(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr)
@@ -263,10 +259,8 @@ sqfs_xattr_reader_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_create(int sqfsfd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 {
 	sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr = calloc(1, sizeof(*xr));
 
-	if (xr == NULL) {
-		perror("creating xattr reader");
+	if (xr == NULL)
 		return NULL;
-	}
 
 	if (super->flags & SQFS_FLAG_NO_XATTRS)
 		return xr;
@@ -274,9 +268,6 @@ sqfs_xattr_reader_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_create(int sqfsfd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 	if (super->xattr_id_table_start == 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF)
 		return xr;
 
-	if (get_id_block_locations(xr, sqfsfd, super))
-		goto fail;
-
 	xr->idrd = sqfs_meta_reader_create(sqfsfd, cmp,
 					   super->id_table_start,
 					   super->bytes_used);
@@ -289,6 +280,7 @@ sqfs_xattr_reader_t *sqfs_xattr_reader_create(int sqfsfd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 	if (xr->kvrd == NULL)
 		goto fail;
 
+	xr->sqfsfd = sqfsfd;
 	xr->super = super;
 	return xr;
 fail:
diff --git a/lib/sqfshelper/data_reader.c b/lib/sqfshelper/data_reader.c
index f7984b8..fc92e28 100644
--- a/lib/sqfshelper/data_reader.c
+++ b/lib/sqfshelper/data_reader.c
@@ -109,6 +109,8 @@ data_reader_t *data_reader_create(int fd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 {
 	data_reader_t *data = alloc_flex(sizeof(*data), super->block_size, 3);
 	size_t i, size;
+	void *raw_frag;
+	int ret;
 
 	if (data == NULL) {
 		perror("creating data reader");
@@ -142,15 +144,17 @@ data_reader_t *data_reader_create(int fd, sqfs_super_t *super,
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
-	data->frag = sqfs_read_table(fd, cmp, size,
-				     super->fragment_table_start,
-				     super->directory_table_start,
-				     super->fragment_table_start);
-	if (data->frag == NULL) {
+	ret = sqfs_read_table(fd, cmp, size, super->fragment_table_start,
+			      super->directory_table_start,
+			      super->fragment_table_start, &raw_frag);
+
+	if (ret) {
 		free(data);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 
+	data->frag = raw_frag;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < data->num_fragments; ++i) {
 		data->frag[i].size = le32toh(data->frag[i].size);
 		data->frag[i].start_offset =
diff --git a/lib/sqfshelper/deserialize_fstree.c b/lib/sqfshelper/deserialize_fstree.c
index a3cf44d..1953f9b 100644
--- a/lib/sqfshelper/deserialize_fstree.c
+++ b/lib/sqfshelper/deserialize_fstree.c
@@ -90,6 +90,7 @@ static int fill_dir(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_meta_reader_t *dr,
 	uint64_t block_start;
 	size_t size, diff;
 	uint32_t i;
+	int err;
 
 	size = root->data.dir->size;
 	if (size <= sizeof(hdr))
@@ -110,8 +111,7 @@ static int fill_dir(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_meta_reader_t *dr,
 		size -= sizeof(hdr);
 
 		for (i = 0; i <= hdr.count && size > sizeof(*ent); ++i) {
-			ent = sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_ent(dr);
-			if (ent == NULL)
+			if (sqfs_meta_reader_read_dir_ent(dr, &ent))
 				return -1;
 
 			diff = sizeof(*ent) + strlen((char *)ent->name);
@@ -126,12 +126,12 @@ static int fill_dir(sqfs_meta_reader_t *ir, sqfs_meta_reader_t *dr,
 				continue;
 			}
 
-			inode = sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(ir, super,
-							    hdr.start_block,
-							    ent->offset);
-			if (inode == NULL) {
+			err = sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(ir, super,
+							  hdr.start_block,
+							  ent->offset, &inode);
+			if (err) {
 				free(ent);
-				return -1;
+				return err;
 			}
 
 			n = tree_node_from_inode(inode, idtbl,
@@ -240,10 +240,12 @@ int deserialize_fstree(fstree_t *out, sqfs_super_t *super,
 	if (xr == NULL)
 		goto out_id;
 
+	if (sqfs_xattr_reader_load_locations(xr))
+		goto out_xr;
+
 	block_start = super->root_inode_ref >> 16;
 	offset = super->root_inode_ref & 0xFFFF;
-	root = sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(ir, super, block_start, offset);
-	if (root == NULL)
+	if (sqfs_meta_reader_read_inode(ir, super, block_start, offset, &root))
 		goto out_xr;
 
 	if (root->base.type != SQFS_INODE_DIR &&
diff --git a/lib/sqfshelper/xattr_reader.c b/lib/sqfshelper/xattr_reader.c
index a0dc6f6..376fdb2 100644
--- a/lib/sqfshelper/xattr_reader.c
+++ b/lib/sqfshelper/xattr_reader.c
@@ -24,12 +24,10 @@ static int restore_kv_pairs(sqfs_xattr_reader_t *xr, fstree_t *fs,
 	int ret;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < node->xattr->num_attr; ++i) {
-		key = sqfs_xattr_reader_read_key(xr);
-		if (key == NULL)
+		if (sqfs_xattr_reader_read_key(xr, &key))
 			return -1;
 
-		val = sqfs_xattr_reader_read_value(xr, key);
-		if (val == NULL)
+		if (sqfs_xattr_reader_read_value(xr, key, &val))
 			goto fail_key;
 
 		ret = str_table_get_index(&fs->xattr_keys,