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-rw-r--r--nand-utils/nandflipbits.c323
1 files changed, 323 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/nand-utils/nandflipbits.c b/nand-utils/nandflipbits.c
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+++ b/nand-utils/nandflipbits.c
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+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2014 Bootlin
+ *
+ * Authors: Boris Brezillon <boris.brezillon@collabora.com>
+ * Miquel Raynal <miquel.raynal@bootlin.com>
+ *
+ * Overview:
+ * This utility manually flips specified bits in a NAND flash.
+ */
+
+#define PROGRAM_NAME "nandflipbits"
+
+#include <mtd/mtd-user.h>
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <libmtd.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+#include "common.h"
+
+struct bit_flip {
+ uint32_t block;
+ uint64_t offset;
+ int bit;
+ bool done;
+};
+
+static void usage(int status)
+{
+ fprintf(status == EXIT_SUCCESS ? stdout : stderr,
+"Usage: "PROGRAM_NAME" [OPTIONS] <device> <bit>@<address> [<bit>@<address>...]\n"
+"\n"
+" Test ECC engines, see if they match the specified correction strength:\n"
+" * Reads in raw mode the data from an MTD device\n"
+" * Flips the indicated bit(s)\n"
+" * Write it back in raw mode.\n"
+"\n"
+" -h, --help Display this help and exit\n"
+" -o, --oob Provided addresses take OOB area into account\n"
+" -q, --quiet Don't display progress messages\n"
+"\n"
+ );
+ exit(status);
+}
+
+static const char *mtd_device;
+static bool quiet = false;
+static bool oob_mode = false;
+static struct bit_flip *bits_to_flip;
+static int nbits_to_flip = 0;
+
+static void process_options(int argc, char * const argv[])
+{
+ int error = 0;
+ int i;
+
+ for (;;) {
+ int option_index = 0;
+ static const char short_options[] = "hoq";
+ static const struct option long_options[] = {
+ {"help", no_argument, 0, 'h'},
+ {"oob", no_argument, 0, 'o'},
+ {"quiet", no_argument, 0, 'q'},
+ {0, 0, 0, 0},
+ };
+
+ int c = getopt_long(argc, argv, short_options,
+ long_options, &option_index);
+ if (c == EOF)
+ break;
+
+ switch (c) {
+ case 'q':
+ quiet = true;
+ break;
+ case 'o':
+ oob_mode = true;
+ break;
+ case 'h':
+ usage(EXIT_SUCCESS);
+ break;
+ case '?':
+ default:
+ error++;
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ argc -= optind;
+ argv += optind;
+
+ /*
+ * There must be at least the MTD device node path argument remaining
+ * and a list of minimum one 'bits-to-flip'.
+ */
+
+ if (argc < 2 || error)
+ usage(EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+ /* MTD device */
+ mtd_device = argv[0];
+ argc--;
+ argv++;
+
+ /* Parse the bits to flip */
+ nbits_to_flip = argc;
+ bits_to_flip = malloc(sizeof(*bits_to_flip) * nbits_to_flip);
+ if (!bits_to_flip)
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nbits_to_flip; i++) {
+ struct bit_flip *bit_to_flip = &bits_to_flip[i];
+ char *desc = argv[i];
+
+ bit_to_flip->bit = strtol(desc, &desc, 0);
+ if (errno || bit_to_flip->bit > 7)
+ goto free_bits;
+
+ if (!desc || *desc++ != '@')
+ goto free_bits;
+
+ bit_to_flip->offset = strtol(desc, &desc, 0);
+ if (errno)
+ goto free_bits;
+ }
+
+ return;
+
+free_bits:
+ free(bits_to_flip);
+
+ fprintf(stderr, "Invalid bit description\n");
+
+ exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+ struct mtd_dev_info mtd;
+ libmtd_t mtd_desc;
+ uint64_t mtdlen;
+ uint32_t pagelen, pages_per_blk, blklen;
+ uint8_t *buffer;
+ int fd, ret, i;
+
+ process_options(argc, argv);
+
+ /* Open the libmtd */
+ mtd_desc = libmtd_open();
+ if (!mtd_desc) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Cannot initialize libmtd\n");
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto free_bits;
+ }
+
+ /* Fill in MTD device capability structure */
+ ret = mtd_get_dev_info(mtd_desc, mtd_device, &mtd);
+ if (ret < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Cannot retrieve MTD device information\n");
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto close_lib;
+ }
+
+ /* Verify we are using a NAND device */
+ if (mtd.type != MTD_NANDFLASH && mtd.type != MTD_MLCNANDFLASH) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "%s is not a NAND flash\n", mtd_device);
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto close_lib;
+ }
+
+ /* Open the MTD device */
+ fd = open(mtd_device, O_RDWR);
+ if (fd < 0) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Cannot open %s\n", mtd_device);
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto close_lib;
+ }
+
+ /* Select raw mode */
+ ret = ioctl(fd, MTDFILEMODE, MTD_FILE_MODE_RAW);
+ if (ret) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Unavailable raw mode ioctl\n");
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto close_fd;
+ }
+
+ pagelen = mtd.min_io_size + (oob_mode ? mtd.oob_size : 0);
+ pages_per_blk = mtd.eb_size / mtd.min_io_size;
+ blklen = pages_per_blk * pagelen;
+ mtdlen = (uint64_t)blklen * (uint64_t)mtd.eb_cnt;
+ buffer = malloc((mtd.min_io_size + mtd.oob_size) * pages_per_blk);
+ if (!buffer) {
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto close_fd;
+ }
+
+ for (i = 0; i < nbits_to_flip; i++) {
+ int page;
+
+ if (bits_to_flip[i].offset >= mtdlen) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "Invalid byte offset %lld (max %lld)\n",
+ bits_to_flip[i].offset, mtdlen);
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto free_buf;
+ }
+
+ bits_to_flip[i].block = bits_to_flip[i].offset / blklen;
+ bits_to_flip[i].offset %= blklen;
+ page = bits_to_flip[i].offset / pagelen;
+ bits_to_flip[i].offset = (page *
+ (mtd.min_io_size + mtd.oob_size)) +
+ (bits_to_flip[i].offset % pagelen);
+ }
+
+ while (1) {
+ struct bit_flip *bit_to_flip = NULL;
+ int blkoffs;
+ int bufoffs;
+
+ /* Look for the next bitflip to insert */
+ for (i = 0; i < nbits_to_flip; i++) {
+ if (bits_to_flip[i].done == false) {
+ bit_to_flip = &bits_to_flip[i];
+ break;
+ }
+ }
+
+ if (!bit_to_flip) {
+ ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+ break;
+ }
+
+ /* Read the content of all the pages of a block */
+ blkoffs = 0;
+ bufoffs = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < pages_per_blk; i++) {
+ ret = mtd_read(&mtd, fd, bit_to_flip->block, blkoffs,
+ buffer + bufoffs, mtd.min_io_size);
+ if (ret) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "MTD read failure\n");
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto free_buf;
+ }
+
+ bufoffs += mtd.min_io_size;
+
+ ret = mtd_read_oob(mtd_desc, &mtd, fd, blkoffs,
+ mtd.oob_size, buffer + bufoffs);
+ if (ret) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "MTD OOB read failure\n");
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto free_buf;
+ }
+
+ bufoffs += mtd.oob_size;
+ blkoffs += mtd.min_io_size;
+ }
+
+ /* Flip all bits that are located in this particular block */
+ for (i = 0; i < nbits_to_flip; i++) {
+ unsigned char val, mask;
+
+ if (bits_to_flip[i].block != bit_to_flip->block)
+ continue;
+
+ mask = 1 << bits_to_flip[i].bit;
+ val = buffer[bits_to_flip[i].offset] & mask;
+ if (val)
+ buffer[bits_to_flip[i].offset] &= ~mask;
+ else
+ buffer[bits_to_flip[i].offset] |= mask;
+ }
+
+ /* Erase the block */
+ ret = mtd_erase(mtd_desc, &mtd, fd, bit_to_flip->block);
+ if (ret) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "MTD erase failure\n");
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto free_buf;
+ }
+
+ /* Rewrite the pages, still in raw mode, with the bitflips */
+ blkoffs = 0;
+ bufoffs = 0;
+ for (i = 0; i < pages_per_blk; i++) {
+ ret = mtd_write(mtd_desc, &mtd, fd, bit_to_flip->block,
+ blkoffs, buffer + bufoffs, mtd.min_io_size,
+ buffer + bufoffs + mtd.min_io_size,
+ mtd.oob_size,
+ MTD_OPS_RAW);
+ if (ret) {
+ fprintf(stderr, "MTD write failure\n");
+ ret = EXIT_FAILURE;
+ goto free_buf;
+ }
+
+ blkoffs += mtd.min_io_size;
+ bufoffs += mtd.min_io_size + mtd.oob_size;
+ }
+
+ /* Mark the added bitflips as done */
+ for (i = 0; i < nbits_to_flip; i++) {
+ if (bits_to_flip[i].block == bit_to_flip->block)
+ bits_to_flip[i].done = true;
+ }
+ }
+
+free_buf:
+ free(buffer);
+close_fd:
+ close(fd);
+close_lib:
+ libmtd_close(mtd_desc);
+free_bits:
+ free(bits_to_flip);
+
+ exit(ret);
+}
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